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https://wiki.openvz.org/index.php?title=Package_managers&diff=7927
Package managers
2009-11-17T20:14:14Z
<p>Januszzz: /* Gentoo */</p>
<hr />
<div>With OpenVZ, you can run many different Linux distributions on a single box. One particular thing in which distributions differ is package management. This article summarizes how to perform various common package management tasks on a different distributions.<br />
<br />
== Commands ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! align="center" | Action<br />
! RPM<br/><small>RHEL, Fedora, CentOS, Mandriva, SUSE, ...</small><br />
! DEB<br/><small>Debian, Ubuntu</small><br />
! Ebuild<br/><small>Gentoo, Sabayon</small><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Basic queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! List of all installed packages<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l</code><br />
|| <code>equery list</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of installed packages matching ''substr''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>equery list ''substr''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Basic information about an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -p ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>eix ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of files in a given ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ql ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -L ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery files ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Advanced queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Which package a ''file'' belongs to?<br />
|| <code>rpm -qf ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -S ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>equery belongs ''file''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Check the hash (i.e. MD5 etc.) sums of an installed package<br />
|| <code>rpm -V ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>debsums -ca ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery check ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show pre/post install/uninstall scripts from a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --scripts ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>less /var/lib/dpkg/info/''package''.{pre,post,config}*</code><br />
|| <code>cat `equery which ''package''`</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show change log for a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --changelog ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>zcat /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.Debian.gz</code><br/><code>aptitude [-t release] changelog package</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Local package installation/upgrade/removal'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ihv ''package_file*.rpm''<br/>yum localinstall ''package_file*.rpm''<ref name="localinstall">In case there are unsatisfied dependencies for ''package_file'', yum will try to get and install it from known repositores.</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt">Usually it is not necessary to download packages manually and install them. Use apt-cache search ''name'' to search for package in configured repositories and apt-get install ''package'' to install package and all it's dependencies</ref></code><br />
|| <code>emerge --usepkg|-k ''package''<ref name="emerge-usepkg">Use a binary package if it is available from $PKGDIR, otherwise emerge from source as usual.</ref></code><br/><code>emerge --usepkgonly|-K ''package''<ref name="emerge-usepkgonly">Use a binary package if it is available from $PKGDIR, otherwise abort.</ref></code><br />
|-<br />
! Upgrade a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -Uhv ''package_file*.rpm''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt"/></code><br />
|| <code>emerge --update --usepkg|-k ''package''<ref name="emerge-usepkg"/></code><br/><br />
<code>emerge --update --usepkgonly|-K ''package''<ref name="emerge-usepkgonly"/></code><br />
|-<br />
! Remove an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -e ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>yum remove|erase ''package''<ref name="yum-remove">This will also remove any packages which depend on the ''package''</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -r ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>dpkg -P ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge --unmerge ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>emerge --prune ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Package installation from repositories'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a ''package''<br />
|| <code>yum install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>urpmi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get update && apt-get install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>aptitude update && aptitude install ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -av ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Only download a ''package'' from repository, do not install<br />
|| First install the yum-downloadonly plugin by running: <br/><code>yum install yum-downloadonly</code><br/> And then: <br/> <code>yum install|update ''package'' -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get install --download-only --reinstall ''package''</code><ref name="dpkgdir">Package will reside in /var/cache/apt/archives.</ref><br/><code>aptitude download ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -avf ''package''</code><ref name="distfiles">Package sources will reside in /usr/portage/distfiles.</ref><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Get information about package interdependencies'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' provides?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --provides ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Provides}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery files ''package'' (package must be installed first)</code><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' requires?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --requires ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Depends}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery depgraph --depth=1 ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) provide a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep">In rpm world, a ''dependency'' can be a package name, a file, or a special atom like <code>perl(IO::Zlib)</code> for a perl module. In deb world, this can be either real or virtual package name.</ref>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatprovides ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Provides}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br />
|| <code>Dependencies are name of ebuilds (or virtual ebuilds). Obsolete?</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) require a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep"/>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatrequires ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Depends}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br><code>aptitude why package</code><ref name="why">Actualy shows the whole dpendency situation that leads to install this package</ref><br />
|| <code>equery depends ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show what prevents installation of a package<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>aptitude why-not package</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -pv ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Get package source files<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get source ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -f ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Working with package files'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Unpack a package ''file'' to local directory<br />
|| <code>rpm2cpio ''file.rpm'' | cpio -id</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -x ''file.deb'' .</code><br />
|| N/A<br />
|-<br />
! Check package file integrity (checksums, signatures...)<br />
|| <code>rpm -K ''file.rpm''</code><br />
|| -???-<br />
|| emerge -f ''package''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Repository queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Find a package in a repository which <code>/some/file</code> belongs to<br />
|| <code>yum provides ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| First run: <br/><code>apt-file update</code><br/>and then:<br/><code>apt-file search ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| N/A<code><br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Relevant directories and files ==<br />
<br />
=== Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS ===<br />
<br />
* yum config: <code>/etc/yum.conf</code>.<br />
* yum repos: <code>/etc/yum.repos.d/</code>.<br />
* rpm configs and macros: <code>/etc/rpm/</code>, <code>/usr/lib/rpm/</code>, <br />
* rpm DB: <code>/var/lib/rpm/</code><br />
<br />
=== Debian/Ubuntu ===<br />
<br />
* List of repositories and mirror sites: <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>, <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code>.<br />
<br />
=== Gentoo ===<br />
<br />
* emerge configs: <code>/etc/make.conf</code>, <code>/etc/portage/</code>.<br />
* Portage tree: <code>/usr/portage</code>.<br />
* Binary packages (FEATURES="buildpkg" enabled in make.conf): <code>/usr/portage/packages</code>.<br />
* Default directory to download sources to: <code>/usr/portage/distfiles</code>.<br />
* Default Portage working directory: <code>/var/lib/portage/</code>.<br />
<br />
== Notes==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
=== Debian ===<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/FAQ/ch-pkgtools.en.html Debian FAQ: package management tools]<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ APT HOWTO]<br />
<br />
[[Category: HOWTO]]<br />
[[Category: Templates]]<br />
[[Category: Debian]]<br />
[[Category: Ubuntu]]<br />
[[Category: Gentoo]]</div>
Januszzz
https://wiki.openvz.org/index.php?title=Package_managers&diff=6825
Package managers
2008-12-26T02:29:16Z
<p>Januszzz: /* Commands */</p>
<hr />
<div>With OpenVZ, you can run many different Linux distributions on a single box. One particular thing in which distributions differ is package management. This article summarizes how to perform various common package management tasks on a different distributions.<br />
<br />
== Commands ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! align="center" | Action<br />
! RPM<br/><small>RHEL, Fedora, CentOS, Mandriva, SUSE, ...</small><br />
! DEB<br/><small>Debian, Ubuntu</small><br />
! Ebuild<br/><small>Gentoo, Sabayon</small><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Basic queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! List of all installed packages<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l</code><br />
|| <code>equery list</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of installed packages matching ''substr''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>equery list ''substr''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Basic information about an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -p ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>eix ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of files in a given ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ql ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -L ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery files ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Advanced queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Which package a ''file'' belongs to?<br />
|| <code>rpm -qf ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -S ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>equery belongs ''file''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Check the hash (i.e. MD5 etc.) sums of an installed package<br />
|| <code>rpm -V ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>debsums -ca ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery check ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show pre/post install/uninstall scripts from a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --scripts ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>less /var/lib/dpkg/info/''package''.{pre,post,config}*</code><br />
|| <code>cat `equery which ''package''`</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show change log for a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --changelog ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>zcat /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.Debian.gz</code><br/><code>aptitude [-t release] changelog package</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Local package installation/upgrade/removal'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ihv ''package_file*.rpm''<br/>yum localinstall ''package_file*.rpm''<ref name="localinstall">In case there are unsatisfied dependencies for ''package_file'', yum will try to get and install it from known repositores.</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt">Usually it is not necessary to download packages manually and install them. Use apt-cache search ''name'' to search for package in configured repositories and apt-get install ''package'' to install package and all it's dependencies</ref></code><br />
|| <code>N/A</code><br />
|-<br />
! Upgrade a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -Uhv ''package_file*.rpm''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt"/></code><br />
|| <code>N/A</code><br />
|-<br />
! Remove an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -e ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>yum remove|erase ''package''<ref name="yum-remove">This will also remove any packages which depend on the ''package''</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -r ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>dpkg -P ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge --unmerge ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>emerge --prune ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Package installation from repositories'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a ''package''<br />
|| <code>yum install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>urpmi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get update && apt-get install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>aptitude update && aptitude install ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -av ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Only download a ''package'' from repository, do not install<br />
|| First install the yum-downloadonly plugin by running: <br/><code>yum install yum-downloadonly</code><br/> And then: <br/> <code>yum install|update ''package'' -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get install --download-only --reinstall ''package''</code><ref name="dpkgdir">Package will reside in /var/cache/apt/archives.</ref><br/><code>aptitude download ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -avf ''package''</code><ref name="distfiles">Package sources will reside in /usr/portage/distfiles.</ref><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Get information about package interdependencies'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' provides?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --provides ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Provides}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery files ''package'' (package must be installed first)</code><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' requires?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --requires ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Depends}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery depgraph --depth=1 ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) provide a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep">In rpm world, a ''dependency'' can be a package name, a file, or a special atom like <code>perl(IO::Zlib)</code> for a perl module. In deb world, this can be either real or virtual package name.</ref>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatprovides ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Provides}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br />
|| <code>Dependencies are name of ebuilds (or virtual ebuilds). Obsolete?</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) require a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep"/>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatrequires ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Depends}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br><code>aptitude why package</code><ref name="why">Actualy shows the whole dpendency situation that leads to install this package</ref><br />
|| <code>equery depends ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show what prevents installation of a package<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>aptitude why-not package</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -pv ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Get package source files<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get source ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -f ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Working with package files'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Unpack a package ''file'' to local directory<br />
|| <code>rpm2cpio ''file.rpm'' | cpio -id</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -x ''file.deb'' .</code><br />
|| N/A<br />
|-<br />
! Check package file integrity (checksums, signatures...)<br />
|| <code>rpm -K ''file.rpm''</code><br />
|| -???-<br />
|| emerge -f ''package''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Repository queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Find a package which <code>/some/file</code> belongs to<br />
|| <code>yum provides ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| First run: <br/><code>apt-file update</code><br/>and then:<br/><code>apt-file search ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| No command, only if the file is already installed:<code>equery belongs ''/some/file''<code><br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Relevant directories and files ==<br />
<br />
=== Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS ===<br />
<br />
* yum config: <code>/etc/yum.conf</code>.<br />
* yum repos: <code>/etc/yum.repos.d/</code>.<br />
* rpm configs and macros: <code>/etc/rpm/</code>, <code>/usr/lib/rpm/</code>, <br />
* rpm DB: <code>/var/lib/rpm/</code><br />
<br />
=== Debian/Ubuntu ===<br />
<br />
* List of repositories and mirror sites: <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>, <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code>.<br />
<br />
=== Gentoo ===<br />
<br />
* emerge configs: <code>/etc/make.conf</code>, <code>/etc/portage/</code>.<br />
* Portage tree: <code>/usr/portage</code>.<br />
<br />
== Notes==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
=== Debian ===<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/FAQ/ch-pkgtools.en.html Debian FAQ: package management tools]<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ APT HOWTO]<br />
<br />
[[Category: HOWTO]]<br />
[[Category: Templates]]<br />
[[Category: Debian]]<br />
[[Category: Ubuntu]]<br />
[[Category: Gentoo]]</div>
Januszzz
https://wiki.openvz.org/index.php?title=Package_managers&diff=6824
Package managers
2008-12-26T02:17:56Z
<p>Januszzz: /* Commands */</p>
<hr />
<div>With OpenVZ, you can run many different Linux distributions on a single box. One particular thing in which distributions differ is package management. This article summarizes how to perform various common package management tasks on a different distributions.<br />
<br />
== Commands ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! align="center" | Action<br />
! RPM<br/><small>RHEL, Fedora, CentOS, Mandriva, SUSE, ...</small><br />
! DEB<br/><small>Debian, Ubuntu</small><br />
! Ebuild<br/><small>Gentoo, Sabayon</small><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Basic queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! List of all installed packages<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l</code><br />
|| <code>equery list</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of installed packages matching ''substr''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>equery list ''substr''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Basic information about an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -p ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>eix ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of files in a given ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ql ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -L ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery files ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Advanced queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Which package a ''file'' belongs to?<br />
|| <code>rpm -qf ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -S ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>equery belongs ''file''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Check the hash (i.e. MD5 etc.) sums of an installed package<br />
|| <code>rpm -V ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>debsums -ca ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery check ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show pre/post install/uninstall scripts from a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --scripts ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>less /var/lib/dpkg/info/''package''.{pre,post,config}*</code><br />
|| <code>cat `equery which ''package''`</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show change log for a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --changelog ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>zcat /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.Debian.gz</code><br/><code>aptitude [-t release] changelog package</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Local package installation/upgrade/removal'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ihv ''package_file*.rpm''<br/>yum localinstall ''package_file*.rpm''<ref name="localinstall">In case there are unsatisfied dependencies for ''package_file'', yum will try to get and install it from known repositores.</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt">Usually it is not necessary to download packages manually and install them. Use apt-cache search ''name'' to search for package in configured repositories and apt-get install ''package'' to install package and all it's dependencies</ref></code><br />
|| <code>N/A</code><br />
|-<br />
! Upgrade a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -Uhv ''package_file*.rpm''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt"/></code><br />
|| <code>N/A</code><br />
|-<br />
! Remove an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -e ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>yum remove|erase ''package''<ref name="yum-remove">This will also remove any packages which depend on the ''package''</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -r ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>dpkg -P ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge --unmerge ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>emerge --prune ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Package installation from repositories'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a ''package''<br />
|| <code>yum install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>urpmi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get update && apt-get install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>aptitude update && aptitude install ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -av ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Only download a ''package'' from repository, do not install<br />
|| First install the yum-downloadonly plugin by running: <br/><code>yum install yum-downloadonly</code><br/> And then: <br/> <code>yum install|update ''package'' -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get install --download-only --reinstall ''package''</code><ref name="dpkgdir">Package will reside in /var/cache/apt/archives.</ref><br/><code>aptitude download ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -avf ''package''</code><ref name="distfiles">Package sources will reside in /usr/portage/distfiles.</ref><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Get information about package interdependencies'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' provides?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --provides ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Provides}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery files ''package'' (package must be installed first)</code><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' requires?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --requires ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Depends}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery depgraph --depth=1 ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) provide a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep">In rpm world, a ''dependency'' can be a package name, a file, or a special atom like <code>perl(IO::Zlib)</code> for a perl module. In deb world, this can be either real or virtual package name.</ref>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatprovides ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Provides}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) require a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep"/>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatrequires ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Depends}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br><code>aptitude why package</code><ref name="why">Actualy shows the whole dpendency situation that leads to install this package</ref><br />
|| <code>equery depends ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show what prevents installation of a package<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>aptitude why-not package</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -pv ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Get package source files<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get source ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -f ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Working with package files'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Unpack a package ''file'' to local directory<br />
|| <code>rpm2cpio ''file.rpm'' | cpio -id</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -x ''file.deb'' .</code><br />
|| N/A<br />
|-<br />
! Check package file integrity (checksums, signatures...)<br />
|| <code>rpm -K ''file.rpm''</code><br />
|| -???-<br />
|| N/A<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Repository queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Find a package which <code>/some/file</code> belongs to<br />
|| <code>yum provides ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| First run: <br/><code>apt-file update</code><br/>and then:<br/><code>apt-file search ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| N/A<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Relevant directories and files ==<br />
<br />
=== Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS ===<br />
<br />
* yum config: <code>/etc/yum.conf</code>.<br />
* yum repos: <code>/etc/yum.repos.d/</code>.<br />
* rpm configs and macros: <code>/etc/rpm/</code>, <code>/usr/lib/rpm/</code>, <br />
* rpm DB: <code>/var/lib/rpm/</code><br />
<br />
=== Debian/Ubuntu ===<br />
<br />
* List of repositories and mirror sites: <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>, <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code>.<br />
<br />
=== Gentoo ===<br />
<br />
* emerge configs: <code>/etc/make.conf</code>, <code>/etc/portage/</code>.<br />
* Portage tree: <code>/usr/portage</code>.<br />
<br />
== Notes==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
=== Debian ===<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/FAQ/ch-pkgtools.en.html Debian FAQ: package management tools]<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ APT HOWTO]<br />
<br />
[[Category: HOWTO]]<br />
[[Category: Templates]]<br />
[[Category: Debian]]<br />
[[Category: Ubuntu]]<br />
[[Category: Gentoo]]</div>
Januszzz
https://wiki.openvz.org/index.php?title=Package_managers&diff=6823
Package managers
2008-12-26T02:15:27Z
<p>Januszzz: /* Commands */</p>
<hr />
<div>With OpenVZ, you can run many different Linux distributions on a single box. One particular thing in which distributions differ is package management. This article summarizes how to perform various common package management tasks on a different distributions.<br />
<br />
== Commands ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! align="center" | Action<br />
! RPM<br/><small>RHEL, Fedora, CentOS, Mandriva, SUSE, ...</small><br />
! DEB<br/><small>Debian, Ubuntu</small><br />
! Ebuild<br/><small>Gentoo, Sabayon</small><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Basic queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! List of all installed packages<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l</code><br />
|| <code>equery list</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of installed packages matching ''substr''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>equery list ''substr''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Basic information about an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -p ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>eix ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of files in a given ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ql ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -L ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery files ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Advanced queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Which package a ''file'' belongs to?<br />
|| <code>rpm -qf ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -S ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>equery belongs ''file''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Check the hash (i.e. MD5 etc.) sums of an installed package<br />
|| <code>rpm -V ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>debsums -ca ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery check ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show pre/post install/uninstall scripts from a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --scripts ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>less /var/lib/dpkg/info/''package''.{pre,post,config}*</code><br />
|| <code>cat `equery which ''package''`</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show change log for a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --changelog ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>zcat /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.Debian.gz</code><br/><code>aptitude [-t release] changelog package</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Local package installation/upgrade/removal'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ihv ''package_file*.rpm''<br/>yum localinstall ''package_file*.rpm''<ref name="localinstall">In case there are unsatisfied dependencies for ''package_file'', yum will try to get and install it from known repositores.</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt">Usually it is not necessary to download packages manually and install them. Use apt-cache search ''name'' to search for package in configured repositories and apt-get install ''package'' to install package and all it's dependencies</ref></code><br />
|| <code>N/A</code><br />
|-<br />
! Upgrade a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -Uhv ''package_file*.rpm''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt"/></code><br />
|| <code>N/A</code><br />
|-<br />
! Remove an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -e ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>yum remove|erase ''package''<ref name="yum-remove">This will also remove any packages which depend on the ''package''</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -r ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>dpkg -P ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge --unmerge ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>emerge --prune ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Package installation from repositories'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a ''package''<br />
|| <code>yum install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>urpmi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get update && apt-get install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>aptitude update && aptitude install ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -av ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Only download a ''package'' from repository, do not install<br />
|| First install the yum-downloadonly plugin by running: <br/><code>yum install yum-downloadonly</code><br/> And then: <br/> <code>yum install|update ''package'' -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get install --download-only --reinstall ''package''</code><ref name="dpkgdir">Package will reside in /var/cache/apt/archives.</ref><br/><code>aptitude download ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -avf ''package''</code><ref name="distfiles">Package sources will reside in /usr/portage/distfiles.</ref><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Get information about package interdependencies'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' provides?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --provides ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Provides}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' requires?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --requires ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Depends}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery depgraph --depth=1 ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) provide a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep">In rpm world, a ''dependency'' can be a package name, a file, or a special atom like <code>perl(IO::Zlib)</code> for a perl module. In deb world, this can be either real or virtual package name.</ref>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatprovides ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Provides}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) require a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep"/>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatrequires ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Depends}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br><code>aptitude why package</code><ref name="why">Actualy shows the whole dpendency situation that leads to install this package</ref><br />
|| <code>equery depends ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show what prevents installation of a package<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>aptitude why-not package</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -pv ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Get package source files<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get source ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -f ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Working with package files'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Unpack a package ''file'' to local directory<br />
|| <code>rpm2cpio ''file.rpm'' | cpio -id</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -x ''file.deb'' .</code><br />
|| N/A<br />
|-<br />
! Check package file integrity (checksums, signatures...)<br />
|| <code>rpm -K ''file.rpm''</code><br />
|| -???-<br />
|| N/A<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Repository queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Find a package which <code>/some/file</code> belongs to<br />
|| <code>yum provides ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| First run: <br/><code>apt-file update</code><br/>and then:<br/><code>apt-file search ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| N/A<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Relevant directories and files ==<br />
<br />
=== Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS ===<br />
<br />
* yum config: <code>/etc/yum.conf</code>.<br />
* yum repos: <code>/etc/yum.repos.d/</code>.<br />
* rpm configs and macros: <code>/etc/rpm/</code>, <code>/usr/lib/rpm/</code>, <br />
* rpm DB: <code>/var/lib/rpm/</code><br />
<br />
=== Debian/Ubuntu ===<br />
<br />
* List of repositories and mirror sites: <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>, <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code>.<br />
<br />
=== Gentoo ===<br />
<br />
* emerge configs: <code>/etc/make.conf</code>, <code>/etc/portage/</code>.<br />
* Portage tree: <code>/usr/portage</code>.<br />
<br />
== Notes==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
=== Debian ===<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/FAQ/ch-pkgtools.en.html Debian FAQ: package management tools]<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ APT HOWTO]<br />
<br />
[[Category: HOWTO]]<br />
[[Category: Templates]]<br />
[[Category: Debian]]<br />
[[Category: Ubuntu]]<br />
[[Category: Gentoo]]</div>
Januszzz
https://wiki.openvz.org/index.php?title=Package_managers&diff=6822
Package managers
2008-12-26T02:02:54Z
<p>Januszzz: /* Commands */</p>
<hr />
<div>With OpenVZ, you can run many different Linux distributions on a single box. One particular thing in which distributions differ is package management. This article summarizes how to perform various common package management tasks on a different distributions.<br />
<br />
== Commands ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! align="center" | Action<br />
! RPM<br/><small>RHEL, Fedora, CentOS, Mandriva, SUSE, ...</small><br />
! DEB<br/><small>Debian, Ubuntu</small><br />
! Ebuild<br/><small>Gentoo, Sabayon</small><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Basic queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! List of all installed packages<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l</code><br />
|| <code>equery list</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of installed packages matching ''substr''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qa ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -l ''\*substr\*''</code><br />
|| <code>equery list ''substr''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Basic information about an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -qi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -p ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>eix ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! List of files in a given ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ql ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -L ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery files ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Advanced queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Which package a ''file'' belongs to?<br />
|| <code>rpm -qf ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -S ''file''</code><br />
|| <code>equery belongs ''file''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Check the hash (i.e. MD5 etc.) sums of an installed package<br />
|| <code>rpm -V ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>debsums -ca ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>equery check ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show pre/post install/uninstall scripts from a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --scripts ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>less /var/lib/dpkg/info/''package''.{pre,post,config}*</code><br />
|| <code>cat `equery which ''package''`</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show change log for a ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --changelog ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>zcat /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.Debian.gz</code><br/><code>aptitude [-t release] changelog package</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Local package installation/upgrade/removal'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -ihv ''package_file*.rpm''<br/>yum localinstall ''package_file*.rpm''<ref name="localinstall">In case there are unsatisfied dependencies for ''package_file'', yum will try to get and install it from known repositores.</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt">Usually it is not necessary to download packages manually and install them. Use apt-cache search ''name'' to search for package in configured repositories and apt-get install ''package'' to install package and all it's dependencies</ref></code><br />
|| <code>N/A</code><br />
|-<br />
! Upgrade a package from local ''package_file''<br />
|| <code>rpm -Uhv ''package_file*.rpm''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -i ''package_file*.deb'' <ref name="apt"/></code><br />
|| <code>N/A</code><br />
|-<br />
! Remove an installed ''package''<br />
|| <code>rpm -e ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>yum remove|erase ''package''<ref name="yum-remove">This will also remove any packages which depend on the ''package''</ref></code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -r ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>dpkg -P ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge --unmerge ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>emerge --prune ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Package installation from repositories'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Install a ''package''<br />
|| <code>yum install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>urpmi ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get update && apt-get install ''package''</code><br/><br />
<code>aptitude update && aptitude install ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -av ''package''</code><br />
|-<br />
! Only download a ''package'' from repository, do not install<br />
|| First install the yum-downloadonly plugin by running: <br/><code>yum install yum-downloadonly</code><br/> And then: <br/> <code>yum install|update ''package'' -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get install --download-only --reinstall ''package''</code><ref name="dpkgdir">Package will reside in /var/cache/apt/archives.</ref><br/><code>aptitude download ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>emerge -avf ''package''</code><ref name="distfiles">Package sources will reside in /usr/portage/distfiles.</ref><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Get information about package interdependencies'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' provides?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --provides ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Provides}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! What a given ''package'' requires?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --requires ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Depends}\n' ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) provide a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep">In rpm world, a ''dependency'' can be a package name, a file, or a special atom like <code>perl(IO::Zlib)</code> for a perl module. In deb world, this can be either real or virtual package name.</ref>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatprovides ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Provides}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! Which installed package(s) require a given ''dependency''<ref name="dep"/>?<br />
|| <code>rpm -q --whatrequires ''dependency''</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}: ${Depends}\n' '*' | grep ': .*package'</code><br><code>aptitude why package</code><ref name="why">Actualy shows the whole dpendency situation that leads to install this package</ref><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! Show what prevents installation of a package<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>aptitude why-not package</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! Get package source files<br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|| <code>apt-get source ''package''</code><br />
|| <code>-???-</code><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Working with package files'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Unpack a package ''file'' to local directory<br />
|| <code>rpm2cpio ''file.rpm'' | cpio -id</code><br />
|| <code>dpkg -x ''file.deb'' .</code><br />
|| N/A<br />
|-<br />
! Check package file integrity (checksums, signatures...)<br />
|| <code>rpm -K ''file.rpm''</code><br />
|| -???-<br />
|| N/A<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" align="center" | <big>'''Repository queries'''</big><br />
|-<br />
! Find a package which <code>/some/file</code> belongs to<br />
|| <code>yum provides ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| First run: <br/><code>apt-file update</code><br/>and then:<br/><code>apt-file search ''/some/file''</code><br />
|| N/A<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Relevant directories and files ==<br />
<br />
=== Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS ===<br />
<br />
* yum config: <code>/etc/yum.conf</code>.<br />
* yum repos: <code>/etc/yum.repos.d/</code>.<br />
* rpm configs and macros: <code>/etc/rpm/</code>, <code>/usr/lib/rpm/</code>, <br />
* rpm DB: <code>/var/lib/rpm/</code><br />
<br />
=== Debian/Ubuntu ===<br />
<br />
* List of repositories and mirror sites: <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>, <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code>.<br />
<br />
=== Gentoo ===<br />
<br />
* emerge configs: <code>/etc/make.conf</code>, <code>/etc/portage/</code>.<br />
* Portage tree: <code>/usr/portage</code>.<br />
<br />
== Notes==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
=== Debian ===<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/FAQ/ch-pkgtools.en.html Debian FAQ: package management tools]<br />
* [http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ APT HOWTO]<br />
<br />
[[Category: HOWTO]]<br />
[[Category: Templates]]<br />
[[Category: Debian]]<br />
[[Category: Ubuntu]]<br />
[[Category: Gentoo]]</div>
Januszzz