OpenVZ Virtuozzo Containers Wiki - User contributions [en]

NX inside VE

2011-04-09T10:23:59Z

Wikihippy: /* Installation */ repository is dead

You can run full graphical remote desktop inside container using [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NX_technology NX technology]. This is handy for when you work from home and you wish to run a web browser on your work's internal network to access local resources. You can use NX client to connect to remote NX server.

= Fedora =

[[File:NX server on Fedora 12.png|thumb|300px|Connecting remotely with NX Client to Fedora inside OpenVZ container.]]

* Use fedora template to create new container and install desktop of your choice:

GNOME:

<pre>yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop Environment"</pre>

KDE:

<pre>yum groupinstall "KDE (K Desktop Environment)"</pre>

XFce:

<pre>yum groupinstall "XFCE"</pre>

* You may need to install additional package audiofile:
<pre>yum install audiofile</pre>

* Download installation RPM packages for server from site [http://www.nomachine.com/select-package.php?os=linux&id=1 www.nomachine.com]. Choose right architecture i386 or x86_64.

Example:
<pre>wget http://64.34.161.181/download/3.4.0/Linux/nxclient-3.4.0-5.i386.rpm
wget http://64.34.161.181/download/3.4.0/Linux/nxnode-3.4.0-6.i386.rpm
wget http://64.34.161.181/download/3.4.0/Linux/FE/nxserver-3.4.0-8.i386.rpm</pre>

* Do simple manual installation of RPM packages.

Example:
<pre>
rpm -ivh nxclient-3.4.0-5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh nxnode-3.4.0-6.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh nxserver-3.4.0-8.i386.rpm</pre>

* Done. You can now connect from NX client to your server.

= Ubuntu =

== Installation ==

Create a new container using the gutsy template. Edit /etc/apt/sources.list and enable the "multiverse" repository.
Install X and XDM
<pre>apt-get install xorg xdm</pre>
Then add this 3rd party repo to sources.list. (Warning: the datakeylive.com repository below is obsolete! No ubuntu repository offers freenx at the moment)

<tt>deb <s>http://www.datakeylive.com/ubuntu</s> gutsy main 
deb-src <s>http://www.datakeylive.com/ubuntu</s> gutsy main 
</tt>
Install the repo keys and update: 
<tt>
wget <s>http://www.datakeylive.com/ubuntu/dists/gutsy/wjeremy.key</s> -O - | apt-key add - 
wget <s>http://www.datakeylive.com/ubuntu/dists/gutsy/alivesoftware.key</s> -O - | apt-key add - 
sudo apt-get update
</tt>
Install FreeNX (*)
<pre>
apt-get install expect openssh-server tcl8.4 libxcomp2 libxcompext2 libxcompshad nxlibs nxagent nxproxy nxclient freenx openssl
</pre>
For Ubuntu 8.04 :
<pre>
apt-get install expect openssh-server tcl8.4 libxcomp3 libxcompext3 libxcompshad nxlibs nxagent nxproxy nxclient freenx-server openssl
</pre>
Finally install XFCE
<pre>
apt-get install xfce4
</pre>

== Configuration ==

=== Configuring X ===
In /etc/X11/xdm/xdm-config, comment out the line where it says '''DisplayManager.requestPort: 0'''

In /etc/X11/xdm/Xservers, comment out the line ''':0 local /usr/bin/X :0 vt7''' (this starts a local X server, which will fail)

In /etc/X11/xdm/Xaccess, uncomment the line with '''* #any host can get a login window''' (Please keep in mind the security implications by the above line. Read the comments found in the file and set it appropriately)

=== Configure NX Server ===

Edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf. Ensure that the files section looks similar to this:

<pre>
Section "Files"

# path to defoma fonts
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi"
EndSection
</pre>

Now create a local user account:
<pre>useradd -m <username></pre>

Now add this user to nxserver:
<pre>nxserver --adduser <username></pre>

=== Configure NX client ===

Setup the Host/Port.
In the desktop section select Unix and Custom. In Settings, select "Run the default X client script on server" and select "New virtual Desktop".

Now try to connect. You should get the XFCE desktop.

Thanks to dantalizing for the feedback.

== Troubleshooting ==

(*)
If you get any errors like:
<pre>
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libxcomp3_3.1.0-6-2_i386.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite `/usr/lib/libXcomp.so.3.1.0', which is also in package libxcomp2
</pre>
while installing the libxcomp package, just force-install the libxcomp package:
<pre>
# cd /var/cache/apt/archives
# dpkg --force-all -i libxcomp3_3.1.0-6-2_i386.deb
# apt-get -f install
</pre>

You '''can't print from VE''' to client PC easily because printing in NX is realized via samba-mount of shared client's printer and CIFS isn't virtualized yet.

[[Category: HOWTO]]
[[Category: X]]

NX inside VE

2011-04-09T10:13:00Z

Wikihippy: /* Installation */ repository is dead

You can run full graphical remote desktop inside container using [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NX_technology NX technology]. This is handy for when you work from home and you wish to run a web browser on your work's internal network to access local resources. You can use NX client to connect to remote NX server.

= Fedora =

[[File:NX server on Fedora 12.png|thumb|300px|Connecting remotely with NX Client to Fedora inside OpenVZ container.]]

* Use fedora template to create new container and install desktop of your choice:

GNOME:

<pre>yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop Environment"</pre>

KDE:

<pre>yum groupinstall "KDE (K Desktop Environment)"</pre>

XFce:

<pre>yum groupinstall "XFCE"</pre>

* You may need to install additional package audiofile:
<pre>yum install audiofile</pre>

* Download installation RPM packages for server from site [http://www.nomachine.com/select-package.php?os=linux&id=1 www.nomachine.com]. Choose right architecture i386 or x86_64.

Example:
<pre>wget http://64.34.161.181/download/3.4.0/Linux/nxclient-3.4.0-5.i386.rpm
wget http://64.34.161.181/download/3.4.0/Linux/nxnode-3.4.0-6.i386.rpm
wget http://64.34.161.181/download/3.4.0/Linux/FE/nxserver-3.4.0-8.i386.rpm</pre>

* Do simple manual installation of RPM packages.

Example:
<pre>
rpm -ivh nxclient-3.4.0-5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh nxnode-3.4.0-6.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh nxserver-3.4.0-8.i386.rpm</pre>

* Done. You can now connect from NX client to your server.

= Ubuntu =

== Installation ==

Create a new container using the gutsy template. Edit /etc/apt/sources.list and enable the "multiverse" repository.
Install X and XDM
<pre>apt-get install xorg xdm</pre>
Then add this 3rd party repo to sources.list. (Warning: the datakeylive.com repository below is obsolete! No ubuntu repository offers freenx at the moment)
<pre>
deb http://www.datakeylive.com/ubuntu gutsy main
deb-src http://www.datakeylive.com/ubuntu gutsy main
</pre>
Install the repo keys and update:
<pre>
wget http://www.datakeylive.com/ubuntu/dists/gutsy/wjeremy.key -O - | apt-key add -
wget http://www.datakeylive.com/ubuntu/dists/gutsy/alivesoftware.key -O - | apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update
</pre>
Install FreeNX (*)
<pre>
apt-get install expect openssh-server tcl8.4 libxcomp2 libxcompext2 libxcompshad nxlibs nxagent nxproxy nxclient freenx openssl
</pre>
For Ubuntu 8.04 :
<pre>
apt-get install expect openssh-server tcl8.4 libxcomp3 libxcompext3 libxcompshad nxlibs nxagent nxproxy nxclient freenx-server openssl
</pre>
Finally install XFCE
<pre>
apt-get install xfce4
</pre>

== Configuration ==

=== Configuring X ===
In /etc/X11/xdm/xdm-config, comment out the line where it says '''DisplayManager.requestPort: 0'''

In /etc/X11/xdm/Xservers, comment out the line ''':0 local /usr/bin/X :0 vt7''' (this starts a local X server, which will fail)

In /etc/X11/xdm/Xaccess, uncomment the line with '''* #any host can get a login window''' (Please keep in mind the security implications by the above line. Read the comments found in the file and set it appropriately)

=== Configure NX Server ===

Edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf. Ensure that the files section looks similar to this:

<pre>
Section "Files"

# path to defoma fonts
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi"
EndSection
</pre>

Now create a local user account:
<pre>useradd -m <username></pre>

Now add this user to nxserver:
<pre>nxserver --adduser <username></pre>

=== Configure NX client ===

Setup the Host/Port.
In the desktop section select Unix and Custom. In Settings, select "Run the default X client script on server" and select "New virtual Desktop".

Now try to connect. You should get the XFCE desktop.

Thanks to dantalizing for the feedback.

== Troubleshooting ==

(*)
If you get any errors like:
<pre>
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libxcomp3_3.1.0-6-2_i386.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite `/usr/lib/libXcomp.so.3.1.0', which is also in package libxcomp2
</pre>
while installing the libxcomp package, just force-install the libxcomp package:
<pre>
# cd /var/cache/apt/archives
# dpkg --force-all -i libxcomp3_3.1.0-6-2_i386.deb
# apt-get -f install
</pre>

You '''can't print from VE''' to client PC easily because printing in NX is realized via samba-mount of shared client's printer and CIFS isn't virtualized yet.

[[Category: HOWTO]]
[[Category: X]]

FUSE

2011-04-09T09:54:42Z

Wikihippy: /* Debian 5.0 (lenny) */

This page describes how to setup FUSE (filesystem in userspace) inside a container.

[http://git.openvz.org/?p=linux-2.6.18-openvz;a=blob;h=a584f05403a412e778cf359e84d3690d5a22d1e4;hb=045f4a5fcb8c2625fe7505a8d9d4ebffd7e0d905;f=Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt FUSE] is a filesystem in which data and metadata are provided by an ordinary userspace process. The filesystem can be accessed normally through the kernel interface.

== Preparations ==
To use FUSE you need the following:
# OpenVZ kernel version [http://git.openvz.org/?p=linux-2.6.18-openvz;a=commit;h=045f4a5fcb8c2625fe7505a8d9d4ebffd7e0d905 028test005] or higher
# [http://mesh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/fuse/fuse-2.6.0.tar.gz Fuse lib]
# Any FUSE-based [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/FileSystems filesystem]

In the examples below [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/sshfs.html sshfs] is used.

== Setup ==
=== Kernel ===
* Download appropriate kernel from [http://download.openvz.org/ openvz.org] or compile kernel with <code>CONFIG_FUSE_FS</code> option set
* Debian/Ubuntu: You can alternatively add the line "modprobe" into /etc/modules , and apply immediately with the command "modprobe --first-time fuse"

=== Userspace ===

You have to fuse libraries and some fuse filesystem modules (here we use sshfs as an example).

The best way to have it installed is to use the packages from your distro vendor. An alternative is compiling the stuff from source.

==== Gentoo ====

# emerge sys-fs/sshfs-fuse

==== Fedora ====

# yum install fuse-sshfs

==== Debian/Ubuntu ====
===== Debian 5.0 (lenny) =====
FUSE cannot be installed due to udev/hotplug dependency (explained in [http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=503953 bug report 503953])

===== Ubuntu, Debian 4.0 (etch) and older =====
# apt-get install sshfs

(Debian 4.0 note: see [[Installing udev in VE based on Debian-4.0]])

==== Compiling from source ====
If there are no packages provided for you distribution, you have to compile from source.

First, compile libfuse in a container without kernel module
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# tar xzf fuse-2.6.0.tar.gz
# cd fuse-2.6.0
# ./configure --disable-kernel-module
...
# make
...
# make install
</pre>

{{note|Sometimes <code>libfuse.so.X</code> is unseen by your programs. Usually this file is installed in <code>/usr/local/lib</code> directory so don't forget to add this directory into your <code>/etc/ld.so.conf</code> and then run <code>ldconfig</code>.}}

Next, download and compile filesystem.
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# tar xzf sshfs-fuse-1.7.tar.gz
# cd sshfs-fuse-1.7
# ./configure
...
# make
...
# make install
</pre>

=== Container tuning ===
You need to make a character device named <code>/dev/fuse</code> and grant your container permissions to it
<pre>
# vzctl set 100 --devices c:10:229:rw --save
...
# vzctl exec 100 mknod /dev/fuse c 10 229
...
</pre>

=== Mounting filesystem ===
After this you may try to mount FUSE in a container.
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# sshfs <nowiki>root@foo.org</nowiki>:/root /mnt/foo.org.root
</pre>

==== Unmounting filesystem ====
In case of <code>sshfs</code> after umounting an appropriate daemon must be killed. This may be done by the following command:
<pre>
# fusermount -u mountpoint
</pre>

== Using fusectl filesystem ==
Fusectl is a helper filesystem for FUSE. You may mount it in a container as well.
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# mount -t fusectl none /fuse_ctl
</pre>

== External links ==

* [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/ FUSE site]

[[Category:HOWTO]]

FUSE

2011-04-09T09:48:13Z

Wikihippy:

This page describes how to setup FUSE (filesystem in userspace) inside a container.

[http://git.openvz.org/?p=linux-2.6.18-openvz;a=blob;h=a584f05403a412e778cf359e84d3690d5a22d1e4;hb=045f4a5fcb8c2625fe7505a8d9d4ebffd7e0d905;f=Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt FUSE] is a filesystem in which data and metadata are provided by an ordinary userspace process. The filesystem can be accessed normally through the kernel interface.

== Preparations ==
To use FUSE you need the following:
# OpenVZ kernel version [http://git.openvz.org/?p=linux-2.6.18-openvz;a=commit;h=045f4a5fcb8c2625fe7505a8d9d4ebffd7e0d905 028test005] or higher
# [http://mesh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/fuse/fuse-2.6.0.tar.gz Fuse lib]
# Any FUSE-based [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/FileSystems filesystem]

In the examples below [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/sshfs.html sshfs] is used.

== Setup ==
=== Kernel ===
* Download appropriate kernel from [http://download.openvz.org/ openvz.org] or compile kernel with <code>CONFIG_FUSE_FS</code> option set
* Debian/Ubuntu: You can alternatively add the line "modprobe" into /etc/modules , and apply immediately with the command "modprobe --first-time fuse"

=== Userspace ===

You have to fuse libraries and some fuse filesystem modules (here we use sshfs as an example).

The best way to have it installed is to use the packages from your distro vendor. An alternative is compiling the stuff from source.

==== Gentoo ====

# emerge sys-fs/sshfs-fuse

==== Fedora ====

# yum install fuse-sshfs

==== Debian/Ubuntu ====
===== Debian 5.0 (lenny) =====
FUSE cannot be installed due to udev dependency (explained in [http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=503953 bug report 503953])

===== Ubuntu, Debian 4.0 (etch) and older =====
# apt-get install sshfs

(Debian 4.0 note: see [[Installing udev in VE based on Debian-4.0]])

==== Compiling from source ====
If there are no packages provided for you distribution, you have to compile from source.

First, compile libfuse in a container without kernel module
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# tar xzf fuse-2.6.0.tar.gz
# cd fuse-2.6.0
# ./configure --disable-kernel-module
...
# make
...
# make install
</pre>

{{note|Sometimes <code>libfuse.so.X</code> is unseen by your programs. Usually this file is installed in <code>/usr/local/lib</code> directory so don't forget to add this directory into your <code>/etc/ld.so.conf</code> and then run <code>ldconfig</code>.}}

Next, download and compile filesystem.
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# tar xzf sshfs-fuse-1.7.tar.gz
# cd sshfs-fuse-1.7
# ./configure
...
# make
...
# make install
</pre>

=== Container tuning ===
You need to make a character device named <code>/dev/fuse</code> and grant your container permissions to it
<pre>
# vzctl set 100 --devices c:10:229:rw --save
...
# vzctl exec 100 mknod /dev/fuse c 10 229
...
</pre>

=== Mounting filesystem ===
After this you may try to mount FUSE in a container.
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# sshfs <nowiki>root@foo.org</nowiki>:/root /mnt/foo.org.root
</pre>

==== Unmounting filesystem ====
In case of <code>sshfs</code> after umounting an appropriate daemon must be killed. This may be done by the following command:
<pre>
# fusermount -u mountpoint
</pre>

== Using fusectl filesystem ==
Fusectl is a helper filesystem for FUSE. You may mount it in a container as well.
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# mount -t fusectl none /fuse_ctl
</pre>

== External links ==

* [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/ FUSE site]

[[Category:HOWTO]]

FUSE

2011-04-09T09:46:40Z

Wikihippy: Elaborate on Debian

This page describes how to setup FUSE (filesystem in userspace) inside a container.

[http://git.openvz.org/?p=linux-2.6.18-openvz;a=blob;h=a584f05403a412e778cf359e84d3690d5a22d1e4;hb=045f4a5fcb8c2625fe7505a8d9d4ebffd7e0d905;f=Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt FUSE] is a filesystem in which data and metadata are provided by an ordinary userspace process. The filesystem can be accessed normally through the kernel interface.

== Preparations ==
To use FUSE you need the following:
# OpenVZ kernel version [http://git.openvz.org/?p=linux-2.6.18-openvz;a=commit;h=045f4a5fcb8c2625fe7505a8d9d4ebffd7e0d905 028test005] or higher
# [http://mesh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/fuse/fuse-2.6.0.tar.gz Fuse lib]
# Any FUSE-based [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/FileSystems filesystem]

In the examples below [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/sshfs.html sshfs] is used.

== Setup ==
=== Kernel ===
* Download appropriate kernel from [http://download.openvz.org/ openvz.org] or compile kernel with <code>CONFIG_FUSE_FS</code> option set
* Debian/Ubuntu: You can alternatively add the line "modprobe" into /etc/modules , and apply immediately with the command "modprobe --first-time fuse"

=== Userspace ===

You have to fuse libraries and some fuse filesystem modules (here we use sshfs as an example).

The best way to have it installed is to use the packages from your distro vendor. An alternative is compiling the stuff from source.

==== Gentoo ====

# emerge sys-fs/sshfs-fuse

==== Fedora ====

# yum install fuse-sshfs

==== Debian/Ubuntu ====
===== Debian 5.0 (lenny) =====
FUSE cannot be installed due to udev dependency (explained in [http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=503953 bug report 503953])
===== Debian 4.0 (etch) =====
Follow the procedure for older versions (below), and see [[Installing udev in VE based on Debian-4.0]]
===== Ubuntu, Debian 4.0 and older =====
# apt-get install sshfs

==== Compiling from source ====
If there are no packages provided for you distribution, you have to compile from source.

First, compile libfuse in a container without kernel module
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# tar xzf fuse-2.6.0.tar.gz
# cd fuse-2.6.0
# ./configure --disable-kernel-module
...
# make
...
# make install
</pre>

{{note|Sometimes <code>libfuse.so.X</code> is unseen by your programs. Usually this file is installed in <code>/usr/local/lib</code> directory so don't forget to add this directory into your <code>/etc/ld.so.conf</code> and then run <code>ldconfig</code>.}}

Next, download and compile filesystem.
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# tar xzf sshfs-fuse-1.7.tar.gz
# cd sshfs-fuse-1.7
# ./configure
...
# make
...
# make install
</pre>

=== Container tuning ===
You need to make a character device named <code>/dev/fuse</code> and grant your container permissions to it
<pre>
# vzctl set 100 --devices c:10:229:rw --save
...
# vzctl exec 100 mknod /dev/fuse c 10 229
...
</pre>

=== Mounting filesystem ===
After this you may try to mount FUSE in a container.
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# sshfs <nowiki>root@foo.org</nowiki>:/root /mnt/foo.org.root
</pre>

==== Unmounting filesystem ====
In case of <code>sshfs</code> after umounting an appropriate daemon must be killed. This may be done by the following command:
<pre>
# fusermount -u mountpoint
</pre>

== Using fusectl filesystem ==
Fusectl is a helper filesystem for FUSE. You may mount it in a container as well.
<pre>
# vzctl enter 100
# mount -t fusectl none /fuse_ctl
</pre>

== External links ==

* [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/ FUSE site]

[[Category:HOWTO]]