Editing Installation on Debian 8

This document briefly describes the steps needed to install OpenVZ on your Debian 8 "Jessie" machine. For RHEL/Centos 6 based systems, please see [[Quick installation]].

{{Out|A commercial version of OpenVZ is available, which simplifies installation with a single disk as well as supports networked installation using PXE boot. To learn more about Parallels Cloud Server and request a free trial, please see http://www.parallels.com/products/pcs/}}

== Requirements ==

This guide assumes you are running '''Debian 8 "Jessie" ''' for '''AMD64''' or '''i686'''.

== Partitions and /vz file system ==

It is recommended to use a separate partition for containers (by default '''/var/lib/vz''') and format it to '''ext4'''.

== Change Systemd to SystemV ==

{{Note|[https://lists.openvz.org/pipermail/users/2017-July/007290.html As of OpenVZ 042stab123.9 is not booting with Systemd].}}
{{Note|Warning! This operation can make some software to stop working, such as desktop environments.}}

 sudo apt-get install sysvinit-core sysvinit-utils
 sudo cp /usr/share/sysvinit/inittab /etc/inittab

* Other recipes at [http://without-systemd.org/wiki/index.php/How_to_remove_systemd_from_a_Debian_jessie/sid_installation without-systemd.org]

== Register OVZ updated repository ==

 RepoFile=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/openvz.list
 RepoUrl=http://download.openvz.org/debian
 echo "deb $RepoUrl jessie main" | sudo tee "$RepoFile"
 echo "#deb $RepoUrl jessie-test main" | sudo tee "$RepoFile"
 echo "deb $RepoUrl wheezy main" | sudo tee -a "$RepoFile"
 wget -qO - http://ftp.openvz.org/debian/archive.key | sudo apt-key add -
 sudo apt-get update

{{Note|The second line with jessie-test is commented out. This is a testing repo with newer kernels and possibly tools. Enable it if you want to stay on a bleeding edge of technology.}}
{{Note|For more info about Debian repositories, see http://download.openvz.org/debian.}}

== Install packages ==

 KPackage="linux-image-openvz-$(dpkg --print-architecture)"
 sudo apt-get --install-recommends install $KPackage vzdump ploop initramfs-tools
 if [ ! -d /vz ] ; then sudo ln -s /var/lib/vz/ /vz ; fi

* Create file /etc/vz/vznet.conf with the following line:
 EXTERNAL_SCRIPT="/usr/sbin/vznetaddbr"
* Optionally you can set containers completely stop when service stops at /etc/vz/vz.conf
 VE_STOP_MODE=stop

== sysctl ==

There are a number of kernel parameters that should be set for OpenVZ to work correctly. These parameters are stored in <tt>/etc/sysctl.conf</tt> file. Here are the relevant portions of the file; please edit accordingly.

<pre>
# On Hardware Node we generally need
# packet forwarding enabled and proxy arp disabled
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding = 1
net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.proxy_arp = 0

# Enables source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1

# Enables the magic-sysrq key
kernel.sysrq = 1

# We do not want all our interfaces to send redirects
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
</pre>

== Help the project ==

This is an OpenVZ component you can install to gather OpenVZ usage and hardware statistics, in order to improve the project.

 sudo apt-get install vzstats

== Reboot into OpenVZ kernel ==

 sudo reboot

{{Note|If you don't see a boot manager entry with word "'''openvz'''", you must choose "'''Advanced options'''" to select there first ''openvz'' listed kernel.}}

Check that the OpenVZ processes are running:
 sudo ps ax | grep -v 'grep' | grep 'vzmond'

== Set OpenVZ as default to boot ==

Because of GRUB2 default criteria, default kernel to boot can still be the one from Debian's repository (non OVZ). If you want to change this behaviour, once you've booted fine into OpenVZ kernel, you can remove other unuseful kernels:

 Packages="$(aptitude search ~i~nlinux-image- --display-format '%p' | grep -ve 'openvz')"
 sudo apt-get remove $Packages
 sudo apt-get autoremove

== Download OS templates ==

This step is optional, vzctl is able to download templates on demand.

An OS template is a Linux distribution installed into a container
and then packed into a gzipped tarball. Using such a cache, a new container
can be created in a minute.

 OpenvzKey="$(echo $(sudo gpg --batch --search-keys security@openvz.org 2>&1 | grep -ie ' key.*created' | sed -e 's|key|@|g' | cut -f 2 -d '@') | cut -f 1 -d ' ' | cut -f 1 -d ',')"
 sudo gpg --recv-keys $OpenvzKey
 sudo vztmpl-dl --gpg-check --list-remote
 # Example:
 sudo vztmpl-dl --gpg-check debian-8.0-x86_64-minimal

Alternatively, you can also download precreated template caches from [http://openvz.org/download/template/cache Downloads » Templates » Precreated], or from one of the [https://mirrors.openvz.org/ mirrors]. Put those tarballs '''as-is (no unpacking needed)''' to the <tt>/vz/template/cache/</tt> directory.

== Next steps ==

OpenVZ is now set up on your machine. Follow on to [[basic operations in OpenVZ environment]] document.

== See also ==
* [[Installation on Debian 7]] very-old-stable (SystemV by default, supported)

[[Category: Installation]]
[[Category: HOWTO]]
[[Category: Debian]]