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| − | {{Warning|The majority of the content on this page only applies to older, unsupported Debian versions and is archived on this page for historical reasons only. '''The page you need is [[Installation on Debian]].'''}}
| + | = Sarge-Dapper (OldStable) = |
| | + | The OpenVZ packages at http://debian.systs.org/ aimed to install OpenVZ in a easy way, some tasks are even completed during the install process! |
| | | | |
| − | OpenVZ consists of a kernel, user-level tools, and container templates.
| + | == edit apt source settings == |
| | + | Add to your "/etc/apt/sources.list" |
| | | | |
| − | This guide tells how to install the kernel and the tools on [http://www.debian.org Debian] Etch or Lenny/Squeeze.
| + | <pre> |
| | + | deb http://debian.systs.org/debian sarge openvz |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | For Squeeze, use the Lenny directions.
| + | and get the new package lists |
| | | | |
| − | For Wheezy (7.0), use the vzctl package included in wheezy, together with the Wheezy OpenVZ kernels from [http://download.openvz.org/debian/ http://download.openvz.org/debian/]. Alternatively reduced functionality may be possible using the stock Debian Wheezy kernel (based on kernel.org version 3.2) and [[Vzctl_for_upstream_kernel]].
| + | <pre> |
| | + | # apt-get update |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | You may also wish to check the information on [http://wiki.debian.org/OpenVz the Debian wiki].
| + | == precompiled kernel images at debian.systs.org (dso) == |
| | + | The kernel-images on debian.systs.org (dso) use the same kernel-config taken from OpenVZ. |
| | + | (most kernel-modules are built-in!) |
| | | | |
| − | For Etch users, this document explains how to partially upgrade to Debian Lenny and install from lenny repositories ('''use this options at your risk''').
| + | If there is more than one CPU available (or a CPU with hyperthreading), use the kernel-smp deb. |
| | + | If there is more than 4 Gb of RAM available, use the kernel-enterprise deb. |
| | + | Otherwise, use the plain kernel deb (kernel). |
| | | | |
| − | == Requirements == | + | {| class="wikitable" |
| | + | |+'''Kernel flavors list''' |
| | + | ! Kernel type !! Description !! Hardware !! Use case |
| | + | |- |
| | + | ! - |
| | + | | uniprocessor |
| | + | | up to 4GB of RAM |
| | + | | |
| | + | |- |
| | + | ! -smp |
| | + | | symmetric multiprocessor |
| | + | | up to 4 GB of RAM |
| | + | | 10-20 VPSs |
| | + | |- |
| | + | ! -entnosplit |
| | + | | SMP + PAE support |
| | + | | up to 64 GB of RAM |
| | + | | 10-30 VPSs |
| | + | |- |
| | + | ! -enterprise |
| | + | | SMP + PAE support + 4/4GB split |
| | + | | up to 64 GB of RAM |
| | + | | >20-30 VPSs |
| | + | |} |
| | | | |
| − | === Filesystems ===
| + | kernel-image: i368 and amd64 |
| − | It's recommended that you use a separate partition for container private
| + | <pre> |
| − | directories (by default <code>/var/lib/vz/private/<CTID></code>). The reason for this is that if you wish to use the OpenVZ per-container disk quota, you won't be able to use usual Linux disk quotas on the same partition. Bear in mind that "per-container quota" in this context includes not only pure per-container quota but also the usual Linux disk quota used in container, not on the [[HN]].
| + | ovzkernel-2.6.9 |
| | + | ovzkernel-2.6.9-smp |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | At the very least try to avoid using the root partition for containers, because the root user of a container will be able to overcome the 5% disk space barrier in some situations. If the HN root partition is completely filled, it will break the system.
| + | kernel-image: i386 only: |
| | + | <pre> |
| | + | ovzkernel-2.6.9-enterprise |
| | + | ovzkernel-2.6.9-entnosplit |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | OpenVZ per-container disk quota is supported only for ext2/ext3 filesystems; therefore it makes sense to use one of these filesystems (ext3 is recommended) if you need per-container disk quota. | + | OpenVZ tool(s) for i386 and amd64 |
| | + | <pre> |
| | + | vzctl |
| | + | vzquota |
| | + | vzprocps |
| | + | vzdump |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | === Repository setup (Etch only) ===
| + | template(s) for i368 and amd64 : Debian 3.1 Minimal |
| | + | <pre> |
| | + | vzctl-ostmpl-debian |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | '''If you are using Debian Lenny, this step in no longer required. Openvz kernel packages and tools are available on main repository.'''
| + | == installing the kernel-images, toolset and debian-os-template == |
| | + | Example: install the stable OpenVZ kernel, tools and Debian OS Template |
| | | | |
| − | ==== 1. Using openvz.org repositories ====
| + | # aptitude install ovzkernel-2.6.9 vzctl vzquota vzdump vzctl-ostmpl-debian |
| | | | |
| − | At the moment two different repositories are online at http://download.openvz.org:
| |
| | | | |
| − | ; by Ola Lundqvist <opal@debian.org>
| + | Maybe you need to update your "linux-loader" (can be configured at /etc/kernel-img.conf) |
| − | : (OpenVZ kernels only)
| |
| − | : apt-uri http://download.openvz.org/debian
| |
| | | | |
| − | ; by Thorsten Schifferdecker <tsd@debian.systs.org>
| + | for the "GRUB": |
| − | : apt-uri http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs | |
| − | : (Mirror of OpenVZ Repository from http://debian.systs.org/)
| |
| | | | |
| − | {{Note|The next steps use the repository at http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs; the actual OpenVZ Tools for Debian exist only as unstable builds, see http://packages.debian.org/vzctl}}
| + | # /sbin/grub-update |
| | | | |
| − | {{Note|By default, on Ubuntu systems root tasks are executed with [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo sudo]}}
| |
| | | | |
| − | This can be done via the following commands, as root or as privileged "sudo" user
| + | Reboot in your new Debian Stable OpenVZ System |
| − | <pre>
| |
| − | # echo -e "\ndeb http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs etch openvz" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
| |
| − | # wget -q http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs/dso_archiv_signing_key.asc -O- | apt-key add - && apt-get update
| |
| − | </pre>
| |
| | | | |
| − | ==== 2. Using Debian repositories (upgrade to lenny) ====
| + | # reboot |
| | | | |
| − | There is even a '''lenny''' repository with kernel 2.6.28. '''Use it at your own risk!'''
| |
| | | | |
| − | Add lenny repositories to your '''/etc/apt/sources.list'''
| + | That's all :-) |
| − | <pre>
| |
| − | deb http://DEBIAN-MIRROR/debian/ testing main
| |
| − | deb http://DEBIAN-MIRROR/debian-security/ testing/updates main
| |
| − | </pre>
| |
| | | | |
| − | Enlarge apt-cache adding to '''/etc/apt/apt.conf''' this line:
| + | Now it's time to setup your VE's with the minimal Debian-3.1 Template, create new one or download another precreated OS-Template. |
| − | <pre>
| |
| − | APT::Cache-Limit "100000000";
| |
| − | </pre>
| |
| | | | |
| − | Give etch package priority over lenny packages. Edit '''/etc/apt/preferences''' and set like this:
| + | = Etch (Stable) = |
| − | <pre>
| + | OpenVZ is now a part of Debian Etch repository. |
| − | Package: *
| |
| − | Pin: release a=etch
| |
| − | Pin-Priority: 700
| |
| | | | |
| − | Package: *
| + | == install the kernel-image == |
| − | Pin: release a=lenny
| |
| − | Pin-Priority: 650
| |
| − | </pre>
| |
| | | | |
| − | Then '''apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade''' to upgrade to lenny.
| + | === precompiled kernel images at download.openvz.org === |
| | | | |
| − | == Kernel installation ==
| + | a Debian OpenVZ kernel repository is online, for direct access http://download.openvz.org/kernel/debian/etch/ |
| | | | |
| − | === Wheezy and Lenny ===
| |
| | | | |
| − | {{Note|The best kernel to use is [[Download/kernel/rhel6|RHEL6-based]]. Please see [[Install_kernel_from_RPM_on_Debian_6.0]]}}
| + | add to your "/etc/apt/sources.list" |
| | + | <pre> |
| | + | deb http://download.openvz.org/debian etch main |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | === Etch ===
| + | update package lists |
| | + | <pre> |
| | + | # apt-get update |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | ==== 1. Using openvz kernel repositories ====
| + | list downloadable OpenVZ linux-images |
| | + | <pre> |
| | + | # apt-cache search linux-image-2.6.18-openvz |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | {{Note|In case you want to recompile the OpenVZ kernel yourself on Debian, see [[Compiling the OpenVZ kernel (the Debian way)]].}}
| + | install a kernel |
| | + | <pre> |
| | + | # apt-get install <linux-image> |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | First, you need to choose what kernel you want to install.
| + | === precompiled kernel images at debian.systs.org === |
| | | | |
| − | {| class="wikitable"
| + | Add to your "/etc/apt/sources.list" |
| − | |+'''OpenVZ Kernel list built with kernel config from http://download.openvz.org'''
| |
| − | ! Kernel !! Description !! Hardware !! Debian Architecture
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | ! ovzkernel-2.6.18
| |
| − | | uniprocessor
| |
| − | | up to 4GB of RAM
| |
| − | | i386 and amd64
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | ! ovzkernel-2.6.18-smp
| |
| − | | symmetric multiprocessor
| |
| − | | up to 4 GB of RAM
| |
| − | | i386 and amd64
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | ! ovzkernel-2.6.18-enterprise
| |
| − | | SMP + PAE support + 4/4GB split
| |
| − | | up to 64 GB of RAM
| |
| − | | i386 only
| |
| − | |}
| |
| | | | |
| − | {| class="wikitable"
| + | <pre> |
| − | |+'''OpenVZ Kernel list built with official Debian kernel config and OpenVZ Settings'''
| + | deb http://debian.systs.org/ etch openvz |
| − | ! Kernel !! Description !! Hardware !! Debian Architecture
| + | </pre> |
| − | |-
| |
| − | ! fzakernel-2.6.18-686
| |
| − | | uni- and multiprocessor
| |
| − | | up to 4GB of RAM
| |
| − | | i386
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | ! fzakernel-2.6.18-686-bigmem
| |
| − | | symmetric multiprocessor
| |
| − | | up to 64 GB of RAM
| |
| − | | i386
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | ! fzakernel-2.6.18-amd64
| |
| − | | uni- and multiprocessor
| |
| − | |
| |
| − | | amd64
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |}
| |
| | | | |
| | + | Add the signing key of debian.systs.org (dso) apt-keyring, (need root permissions) |
| | <pre> | | <pre> |
| − | # apt-get install <kernel> | + | # wget http://debian.systs.org/dso_archiv_signing_key.asc -q -O - | apt-key add - |
| | </pre> | | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | ===== Configuring the bootloader =====
| + | and get the new package lists |
| | | | |
| − | In case GRUB is used as the boot loader, it will be configured automatically, or execute update-grub; lines similar to these will be added to the <tt>/boot/grub/menu.lst</tt> file:
| + | <pre> |
| | + | # apt-get update |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| | + | linux-image (version 028stab035.1) : |
| | <pre> | | <pre> |
| − | [...]
| + | ovzkernel-2.6.18 (i386 and amd64) |
| − | title Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.6.18-ovz-028stab051.1-686
| + | ovzkernel-2.6.18-smp (i386 and amd64) |
| − | root (hd0,1)
| + | ovzkernel-2.6.18-enterprise only (i386) |
| − | kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-ovz-028stab051.1-686 root=/dev/sda5 ro vga=791
| |
| − | initrd /initrd.img-2.6.18-ovz-028stab051.1-686
| |
| − | savedefault
| |
| − | [...]
| |
| | </pre> | | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | {{Note|per default on debian/ubuntu, a 2.6.22 kernel will boot before a 2.6.18, please check manually the grub boot order. See man update-grub for more details}}
| + | # apt-get install <linux-image> |
| | | | |
| − | ===== Installing the user-level tools ===== | + | === or build your own kernel-image (debian way) === |
| | | | |
| − | OpenVZ needs some user-level tools installed. Those are: | + | To install the kernel-source and the OpenVZ kernel patch, run: |
| | + | <pre> |
| | + | # apt-get install kernel-package linux-source-2.6.18 kernel-patch-openvz libncurses5-dev |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | ; vzctl
| |
| − | : A utility to control OpenVZ containers (create, destroy, start, stop, set parameters etc.)
| |
| − | ; vzquota
| |
| − | : A utility to manage quotas for containers. Mostly used indirectly (by vzctl).
| |
| | | | |
| | + | Unpack the kernel-source: |
| | <pre> | | <pre> |
| − | # [sudo] apt-get install vzctl vzquota | + | # cd /usr/src |
| | + | # tar xjf linux-source-2.6.18.tar.bz2 |
| | + | # cd linux-source-2.6.18 |
| | </pre> | | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | ==== 2 Using Debian lenny repositories ====
| |
| | | | |
| − | If you upgrade to lenny, you can search openvz kernel and can install with:
| + | You need a kernel config. |
| | + | You can use the config of the debian-kernel: |
| | <pre> | | <pre> |
| − | apt-get install linux-image-openvz-686
| + | # cp /boot/config-2.6.18-4-686 .config |
| | </pre> | | </pre> |
| − | this command will install latest kernel and all required packages like:
| + | |
| | + | |
| | + | Or get a 2.6.18 kernel config from http://download.openvz.org/kernel/devel/current/configs/ |
| | <pre> | | <pre> |
| − | apt-get install iproute libatm1 linux-image-2.6.26-1-openvz-686 linux-image-openvz-686 rsync vzctl vzquota libcgroup-dev
| + | # wget http://download.openvz.org/kernel/devel/current/configs/kernel-2.6.18-028test010-i686.config.ovz -O .config |
| | </pre> | | </pre> |
| − | and will arrange grub bootloader properly.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | === Rebooting into OpenVZ kernel ===
| |
| − |
| |
| − | {{Warning|Before you restart your Server, verify that your system has all needed modules enabled in order to boot your harddisk (e.g. hardware modules, raid system(s), lvm2 etc). You may need an INITRD (initramdisk) or to compile needed kernel modules statically.}}
| |
| − |
| |
| − | Now reboot the machine and choose the OpenVZ Linux Kernel on the boot loader menu. If the OpenVZ kernel has been booted successfully, proceed to installing the user-level tools for OpenVZ.
| |
| | | | |
| − | === Confirm proper installation ===
| |
| | | | |
| − | 1. Kernel:
| + | Now you can apply openvz kernel patch and modify your kernel-config: |
| | <pre> | | <pre> |
| − | # uname -r | + | # ../kernel-patches/all/apply/openvz |
| − | 2.6.26-1-openvz-686
| + | # make menuconfig |
| − | # | |
| | </pre> | | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | 2. Openvz kernel facility:
| + | |
| | + | You need following OpenVZ kernel config settings: |
| | <pre> | | <pre> |
| − | # ps ax | grep vz
| + | (taken from a OpenVZ Kernel 2.6.18-028test010.1 on 686) |
| − | 2349 ? S 0:00 [vzmond]
| |
| − | </pre>
| |
| | | | |
| − | 3. A network interface for containers:
| + | Filesystem |
| − | <pre>
| + | \_ [*] Second extended fs support (CONFIG_EXT2_FS) |
| − | # ifconfig
| + | \_ [*] Ext3 journalling file system support (CONFIG_EXT3_FS) |
| − | venet0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00
| + | \_ [M] Quota Support (CONFIG_QUOTA) |
| − | UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1
| + | \_ [*] Compatibility with older quotactl interface (CONFIG_QUOTA_COMPAT) |
| − | RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
| + | \_ [*]Quota format v2 support (CONFIG_QFMT_V2) |
| − | TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
| + | \_ [*] VPS filesystem (CONFIG_SIM_FS) |
| − | collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
| + | \_ [*] Virtuozzo Disk Quota support (CONFIG_VZ_QUOTA) |
| − | RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
| + | \-> [*] Per-user and per-group quota in Virtuozzo quota partitions (VZ_QUOTA_UGID) |
| − | </pre>
| |
| | | | |
| − | == Configuring ==
| + | Security |
| | + | \->[ ] Enable different security models |
| | | | |
| − | === sysctl ===
| + | OpenVZ ... (what else :-) |
| | + | \_[*] Virtual Environment support (CONFIG_VE) |
| | + | \_ <M> VE calls interface (CONFIG_VE_CALLS) |
| | + | \_ <M> VE networking (CONFIG_VE_NETDEV) |
| | + | \_ <M> Virtual ethernet device (CONFIG_VE_ETHDEV) |
| | + | \_ <M> VE device (CONFIG_VZ_DEV) |
| | + | \_ [*] VE netfiltering (CONFIG_VE_IPTABLES) |
| | + | \_ <M> VE watchdog module (CONFIG_VZ_WDOG) |
| | + | \_ <M> Checkpointing & restoring Virtual Environments (CONFIG_VZ_CHECKPOINT) |
| | | | |
| − | There are a number of kernel parameters that should be set for OpenVZ to work correctly. These parameters are stored in <tt>/etc/sysctl.conf</tt> file. Here is the relevant part of the file; please edit it accordingly.
| + | User resources ... (User Beancounters) |
| | + | \_ [*] Enable user resource accounting (CONFIG_USER_RESOURCE) |
| | + | \_ [*] Account physical memory usage ( CONFIG_USER_RSS_ACCOUNTING) |
| | + | \_ [*] Account disk IO (CONFIG_UBC_IO_ACCT) |
| | + | \_ [*] Account swap usage (CONFIG_USER_SWAP_ACCOUNTING) |
| | + | \_ [*] Report resource usage in /proc (CONFIG_USER_RESOURCE_PROC) |
| | + | \_ [*] User resources debug features (CONFIG_UBC_DEBUG) |
| | + | \_ [*] Debug kmemsize with cache counters (CONFIG_UBC_DEBUG_KMEM) |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | {{Note|vzctl version from debian-systs, automatically inserts these options at the last of <tt>/etc/sysctl.conf</tt>, except for net.ipv4.ip_forward}}
| |
| | | | |
| | <pre> | | <pre> |
| − | [...]
| + | INFO: Better to build the kernel-headers as well, so afterward other kernel-modules can |
| | + | built without whole kernel tree (e.g. drbd -> drbd0.7-module-source) |
| | + | See also : |
| | + | # make-kpkg --targets |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | # On Hardware Node we generally need
| |
| − | # packet forwarding enabled and proxy arp disabled
| |
| | | | |
| − | net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1
| + | Compile your Kernel (as user root, or you need the --rootcmd!) |
| − | net.ipv4.conf.default.proxy_arp=0
| + | <pre> |
| − | net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
| + | # make-kpkg --append_to_version=-1-openvz --added_patches=openvz --revision=1 --initrd binary-arch |
| | + | |
| | + | or all above with one step |
| | | | |
| − | # Enables source route verification | + | # make-kpkg --append_to_version=-1-openvz --added_patches=openvz --revision=1 --initrd --config menuconfig binary-arch |
| − | net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1
| + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | # Enables the magic-sysrq key
| |
| − | kernel.sysrq=1
| |
| | | | |
| − | # TCP Explict Congestion Notification | + | Install the kernel and update initramfs: |
| − | #net.ipv4.tcp_ecn=0 | + | <pre> |
| | + | # dpkg -i ../linux-image-2.6.18-1-openvz_1_i386.deb |
| | + | # update-initramfs -c -k 2.6.18-1-openvz |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | # we do not want all our interfaces to send redirects
| + | <pre> |
| − | net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects=1
| + | INFO: update-initramfs is done, when make-kpkg is use with --initrd option |
| − | net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects=0
| + | INFO: update-grub can be configured by /etc/kernel-img.conf |
| − | | |
| − | [...]
| |
| | </pre> | | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | # [sudo] sysctl -p
| + | Update the bootloader (when not done above) |
| | | | |
| − | {{Note|You can make a symlink from /var/lib/vz to /vz as backward
| + | GRUB : |
| − | compatibility to OpenVZ as installed in other distributions
| |
| − | (Debian vz root directory is /var/lib/vz to be FHS-compliant.}}
| |
| | | | |
| − | # [sudo] ln -s /var/lib/vz /vz
| + | # /usr/sbin/update-grub |
| | | | |
| − | === OS templates ===
| + | INFO: since the Debian ETCH-release the location of update-grub is moved from /sbin/update-grub to /usr/sbin/update-grub ! |
| | | | |
| − | {{Note|Support of OS templates on 64 bit hosts is somewhat limited for the time being, so that not all tools or features are available - please see [[Making template tools to work on x86_64]] and [[Install OpenVZ on a x86 64 system Centos-Fedora]] for additional details and information on possible workarounds}}
| + | == Install the toolset == |
| | | | |
| − | To install a container, you need OS template(s).
| + | You need the toolset for managing OpenVZ Virtual Environments (VE) |
| | | | |
| − | Precreated templates can be found [http://wiki.openvz.org/Download/template/precreated here] and [http://download.openvz.org/contrib/template/precreated/ here].
| + | <pre> |
| | + | # apt-get install vzctl vzquota |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | You can create your own templates, see
| + | = modify needed settings = |
| − | [[Debian template creation]], [[Ubuntu Gutsy template creation]] and [[:Category: Templates]].
| |
| | | | |
| − | {{Note|Setup your prefered standard OS Template : edit the /etc/vz/vz.conf}}
| + | If you want network access for the virtual server then you need to enable IP forwarding. |
| | | | |
| − | # [sudo] apt-get install vzctl-ostmpl-debian-5.0-i386-minimal
| + | An old (before Etch) Debian Way: set "ip_forward" to yes in /etc/network/option. |
| | | | |
| − | == Additional User Tools ==
| + | # editor /etc/network/options |
| | | | |
| − | ; vzprocps
| + | The new (from Etch) standard way is to use sysctl for this (see below). |
| − | : A set of utilities to provide system information (vzps and vztop)
| |
| | | | |
| − | ; [[vzdump]]
| |
| − | : A utility to backup and restore container.
| |
| | | | |
| − | # [sudo] apt-get install vzprocps vzdump
| + | In some cases you may need to enable proxy_arp for the network devices that you want your virtual hosts to be accessible on. |
| | + | You can add this to a specific interface in the network configuration (/etc/network/interfaces) by the following lines, replace %DEV% with your device name (ie. eth0). |
| | | | |
| | + | Example: |
| | | | |
| − | On Debian squeeze, vzdump seems packaged in standard aptline. For lenny, See [[Backup_of_a_running_container_with_vzdump]]
| + | <pre> |
| | + | [...] |
| | + | # device: %DEV% |
| | + | iface %DEV% inet static |
| | + | address 192.168.0.2 |
| | + | netmask 255.255.255.0 |
| | + | network 192.168.2.0 |
| | + | broadcast 192.168.2.255 |
| | + | gateway 192.168.2.1 |
| | | | |
| | + | up sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.%DEV%.proxy_arp=100 |
| | + | pre-down sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.%DEV%.proxy_arp=0 |
| | + | [...] |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | == Secure it ==
| + | or use the /etc/network/if-up/ and /etc/network/if-down.d/ directories. |
| | | | |
| − | If you want to secure your container with individual firewall rules (instead or additionally to securing the host node) then you must run iptables inside the container. This works slightly different than on a physical server. So make sure that you check that iptables rules are indeed applied as expected inside the container.
| + | <pre> |
| | + | INFO: # man 5 interfaces (to read more about debian's network interface configuration for ifup and ifdown) |
| | + | INFO: It is recommanded to add the magic-sysrq key, to your /etc/sysctl.conf |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | Iptables modules required by the container must be specified in the general vz.conf file or the vzXXX.conf file of the container.
| + | a (plain) OpenVZ Linux Way: |
| | | | |
| − | Add the following line into vz.conf to activate the respective iptables modules for all containers. | + | Add settings to "/etc/sysctl.conf" |
| | | | |
| − | IPTABLES="ip_tables ipt_REJECT ipt_tos ipt_limit ipt_multiport iptable_filter iptable_mangle ipt_TCPMSS ipt_tcpmss ipt_ttl | + | <pre> |
| − | ipt_length ip_conntrack ip_conntrack_ftp ip_conntrack_irc ipt_LOG ipt_conntrack ipt_helper ipt_state iptable_nat ip_nat_ftp ip_nat_irc ipt_TOS" | + | # On Hardware Node we generally need |
| | + | # packet forwarding enabled and proxy arp disabled |
| | + | net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 |
| | + | net.ipv4.conf.default.proxy_arp = 0 |
| | | | |
| − | [[http://wiki.debian.org/DebianFirewall][Configure]] your iptable rules inside the container.
| + | # Enables source route verification |
| | + | net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1 |
| | | | |
| − | {{Warning|Note that iptables rules inside the container are not applied automatically as on a physical server by starting the iptables module! Follow the instructions below}}
| + | # Enables the magic-sysrq key |
| | + | kernel.sysrq = 1 |
| | | | |
| − | To make sure the iptables rules are applied on a startup/reboot we'll create a new file:
| + | # TCP Explict Congestion Notification |
| | + | # net.ipv4.tcp_ecn = 0 |
| | | | |
| − | nano /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables | + | # we do not want all our interfaces to send redirects |
| | + | net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 1 |
| | + | net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0 |
| | + | </pre> |
| | | | |
| − | Add these lines to it:
| |
| | | | |
| − | #!/bin/bash | + | <pre> |
| − | /sbin/iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.up.rules | + | INFO: Suggestion: Please make a symlink from /var/lib/vz to /vz as backward compability to Main OpenVZ |
| | + | (Debian vz root directory is installed FHS-like to /var/lib/vz) |
| | | | |
| − | The file needs to be executable so change the permissions:
| + | # ln -s /var/lib/vz /vz |
| − | | + | </pre> |
| − | chmod +x /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables | |
| | | | |
| − | Start iptables
| |
| | | | |
| − | /etc/init.d/iptables start
| + | '''Before you restart your Server, keep in mind, that your system has all needed modules enabled; booting from your harddisk (e.g. hardware modules, raid system(s), lvm2 etc). May you need a INITRD (initramdisk) or compile needed kernel modules statically in.''' |
| | | | |
| − | If the startup shows errors then you have probably not activated the needed iptables modules. See above.
| |
| | | | |
| − | Check inside the container that your iptables rules are indeed applied:
| + | # reboot |
| | | | |
| − | iptables -L
| |
| | | | |
| − | If the rules do not show up as you would expect on a physical server then you might not have activated the needed iptables modules.
| |
| | | | |
| − | == Start it! ==
| + | That's all! |
| | | | |
| − | # [sudo] /etc/init.d/vz start
| + | Now it's time to create a OS Template or download another precreated OS-Template. |
| | | | |
| − | This does not make the vz system automatically start at boot time. For automatic start:
| |
| | | | |
| − | # [sudo] update-rc.d vz defaults 98 | + | INFO: Suggestions: Setup your default OS Template in /etc/vz/vz.conf |
| | | | |
| − | == Use it! ==
| |
| | | | |
| − | After installing the OpenVZ kernel, user tools and a minimal OS template
| |
| − | to create a first container and do some [[basic operations in OpenVZ environment]]. Read the [[download:doc/OpenVZ-Users-Guide.pdf]], browse this wiki.
| |
| | | | |
| | [[Category: HOWTO]] | | [[Category: HOWTO]] |
| − | [[Category: Debian]]
| |
| | [[Category: Installation]] | | [[Category: Installation]] |
