Difference between revisions of "Creating a CentOS 5.0 Template"

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(New page: Creating a CentOS 5.0 Template for OpenVZ 1. Install a system (virtual or physical) with the default CentOS installation that you wish to package. This could be a minimal distro or the d...)
 
 
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Creating a CentOS 5.0 Template for OpenVZ
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[[Category: HOWTO]]
 +
[[Category: Templates]]
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{{wikify}}
  
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1. Install a system (virtual or physical) with the default CentOS installation that you wish to package. This could be a minimal distro or the default distro or even something custom.
+
# Install a system (virtual or physical) with the default CentOS installation that you wish to package. This could be a minimal distro or the default distro or even something custom.
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2. Once the OS has been installed, you need to tar the contents of the OS.
+
## It's generally quicker to bootstrap a CentOS system on another yum/rpm-based, or Debian based system by following the instructions in [http://faiwiki.informatik.uni-koeln.de/index.php/FAI_multi-distribution#bootstrapping_the_base_images__for_other_distributions]
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a. First, create a file called /tmp/exclude and add the following lines to it:
+
# Once the OS has been installed, you need to '''tar''' the contents of the OS.
 +
## First, create a file called '''/tmp/exclude''' and add the following lines to it:
 +
#:  .bash_history
 +
#:  lost+found
 +
#:  /dev/*
 +
#:  /mnt/*
 +
#:  /tmp/*
 +
#:  /proc/*
 +
#:  /sys/*
 +
#:  /usr/src/*
 +
## Now, tar the OS file up by typing: '''tar --numeric-owner -czvf /tmp/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz -X /tmp/exclude /''' where <'''ARCH'''> represents the system architecture ('''i386''' or
 +
#: '''x86_64''') and <'''DISTRO'''> represents the distribution (default, minimal, etc.).
 +
## Now transfer the file over to the OpenVZ server into '''/vz/template/cache''' folder.
 +
# On the OpenVZ server create a “dummy” container by creating a folder called '''/vz/private/50'''
 +
#: and copying the '''/etc/vz/conf/ve-vps.basic.conf-sample''' to '''/etc/vz/conf/50.conf'''.
 +
#: '''NOTE''': 50 is the CTID for the container. You can choose any unused CTID on the OpenVZ server.
 +
# Now create a new folder called '''/vz/template/centos/5/<ARCH>/config''' again where
 +
#: <'''ARCH'''> represents the system architecture.
 +
# Create a file in the folder called rpm and add the following line:
 +
#:  43
 +
# Create a file called '''yum.conf''' in the folder and add the following lines:
 +
#:  [main]
 +
#: 
 +
#:  cachedir=/vz/template/centos/5/<ARCH>/yum-cache/
 +
#: 
 +
#:  reposdir=/dev/null
 +
#: 
 +
#:  installonlypkgs=
 +
#: 
 +
#:  [centos5-base]
 +
#:  name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Base
 +
#: 
 +
#:  baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/<ARCH>/
 +
#: 
 +
#:  enabled=1
 +
#: 
 +
#:  gpgcheck=1
 +
#: 
 +
#:  [centos5-updates-released]
 +
#: 
 +
#:  name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Released Updates
 +
#: 
 +
#:  baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/updates/<ARCH>/
 +
#: 
 +
#:  enabled=1
 +
#: 
 +
#:  gpgcheck=1
 +
# Copy '''/etc/vz/dists/centos-4.conf''' to '''/etc/vz/dists/centos-5.conf'''.
 +
# Copy '''/vz/template/centos/4/i386/config/minimal.list''' to ''' /vz/template/centos/5/i386/config/minimal.list'''.
 +
# Change to the '''/vz/private/50''' folder and then run the command '''gunzip –dc /vz/template/cache/centos-5-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz | tar –xvf –'''  to unpack the base image to the folder.
 +
# Make sure you are in the '''/vz/private/50''' folder.
 +
# Edit '''etc/shadow''' and remove the replace the '''root''' password with !! instead of the hashed value.
 +
# Edit the '''etc/inittab''' file and comment out the lines that respawn '''/sbin/mingetty''' on '''tty1''' through '''tty6'''. Just put a # at the beginning of the line.
 +
# Remove the '''etc/mtab''' file and then create a symbolic link by typing '''ln -s /proc/mounts etc/mtab'''.
 +
# Remove all of the lines from '''etc/fstab''' except for the line that mounts '''/dev/pts'''.
 +
# Edit '''etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit''' and comment out the line that starts '''/sbin/start_udev''' by placing a # at the beginning of the line.
 +
# Now create device nodes by typing:
 +
#:  mknod dev/ptmx c 5 2
 +
#:  mkdir dev/pts
 +
#:  /sbin/MAKEDEV –d/vz/private/50/dev ttyp ptyp
 +
#:  mknod dev/null c 1 3
 +
#:  mknod -m 644 dev/random c 1 8
 +
#:  mknod dev/urandom c 1 9
 +
# Create the '''var/lock/rpm''' folder.
 +
# If you wish to disable IPv6, do the following:
 +
## Edit '''etc/sysconfig/network''' and set '''NETWORKING_IPV6''' to '''no'''.
 +
## Add the following lines to '''etc/modprobe.d/blacklist''':
 +
#:  blacklist ipv6
 +
#:  blacklist net-pf-10
 +
# Disable any physical NICs by modifying the '''etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethX''' files (where '''X''' is the interface number starting from '''0''') and setting '''ONBOOT''' to '''no'''.
 +
# Check etc/sysconfig/init to see if PROMPT=yes, and then change to no. Otherwise when startup init script rc will enter interactive mode and wait there forever
  
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.bash_history
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# Now you’re ready to start the template. Type '''vzctl start 50''' and wait for it to start.
−
lost+found
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# You can install additional packages into the container by typing '''vzyum 50 install <package>''' at the prompt where <'''package'''> represents the name of the software package you wish to install.
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/dev/*
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# Finally, you should turn off unnecessary services.
−
/mnt/*
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## Enter the container by typing '''vzctl enter 50'''.
−
/tmp/*
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## View the services that are set to run at startup by typing '''chkconfig --list | grep 5:on'''.
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/proc/*
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## Disable any unwanted service by typing '''chkconfig --levels 2345 <service>''' off where <'''service'''> represents the service to disable.
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/sys/*
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#: Services that you can (and should) turn off without harm are acpid, apmd, kudzu, and microcode_ctl.
−
/usr/src/*
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# Exit the container by typing '''exit''' at the prompt.
−
 
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# Stop the container by typing '''vzctl stop 50'''.
−
b. Now, tar the OS file up by typing:
+
# Make sure you are in the '''/vz/private/50''' folder.
−
 
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# Finally, package up the new template by typing '''tar –czvf /vz/template/cache/centos-5-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>.tar.gz ./'''.
−
tar –czvf /tmp/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz / –X  /tmp/exclude
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# The template is ready for use.
−
 
−
where <ARCH> represents the system architecture (i386 or x86_64) and <DISTRO> represents the distribution (default, minimal, etc.).
 
−
c. Now transfer the file over to the OpenVZ server into /vz/template/cache folder.
 
−
3. On the OpenVZ server create a “dummy” VPS by creating a folder called /vz/private/50 and copying the /etc/vz/conf/ve-vps.basic.conf-sample to /etc/vz/conf/50.conf.
 
−
 
 
−
NOTE:
 
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50 is the VEID for the VPS.  You can choose any unused VEID on the OpenVZ server.
 
−
 
 
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4. Now create a new folder called /vz/template/centos/5.0/<ARCH>/config again where <ARCH> represents the system architecture.
 
−
5. Create a file in the folder called rpm and add the following line:
 
−
 
 
−
43
 
−
 
 
−
6. Create a file called yum.conf in the folder and add the following lines:
 
−
 
 
−
[main]
 
−
cachedir=/vz/template/centos/5.0/<ARCH>/yum-cache/
 
−
reposdir=/dev/null
 
−
installonlypkgs=''
 
−
 
 
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[centos5-base]
 
−
name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Base
 
−
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/<ARCH>/
 
−
enabled=1
 
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gpgcheck=1
 
−
 
 
−
[centos5-updates-released]
 
−
name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Released Updates
 
−
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/updates/<ARCH>/
 
−
enabled=1
 
−
gpgcheck=1
 
−
7. Copy /etc/vz/dists/centos-4.conf to /etc/vz/dists/centos-5.0.conf.
 
−
8. Change to the /vz/private/50 folder and then run the command gunzip –dc /vz/template/cache/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz | tar –xvf – to unpack the base image to the folder.
 
−
9. Make sure you are in the /vz/private/50 folder.
 
−
10. Edit etc/shadow and remove the replace the root password with !! instead of the hashed value.
 
−
11. Edit the etc/inittab file and comment out the lines that respawn /sbin/mingetty on tty1 through tty6.  Just put a # at the beginning of the line.
 
−
12. Remove the etc/mtab file and then create a symbolic link by typing ln –s /proc/mounts etc/mtab.
 
−
13. Remove all of the lines from etc/fstab except for the line that mounts /dev/pts.
 
−
14. Edit etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit and comment out the line that starts /sbin/start_udev by placing a # at the beginning of the line.
 
−
15. Now create device nodes by typing:
 
−
 
 
−
mknod dev/ptmx c 5 2
 
−
mkdir dev/pts
 
−
/sbin/MAKEDEV –d /vz/private/50/dev ttyp ptyp
 
−
mknod dev/null c 1 3
 
−
mknod dev/urandom c 1 9
 
−
 
 
−
16. Create the var/lock/rpm folder.
 
−
17. If you wish to disable IPv6, do the following:
 
−
a. Edit etc/sysconfig/network and set NETWORKING_IPV6 to no.
 
−
b. Add the following lines to etc/modprobe.d/blacklist:
 
−
 
 
−
blacklist ipv6
 
−
blacklist net-pf-10
 
−
 
 
−
18. Disable any physical NICs by modifying the etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethX files (where X is the interface number starting from 0) and setting ONBOOT to no.
 
−
19. Now you’re ready to start the template. Type vzctl start 50 and wait for it to start.
 
−
20. You can install additional packages into the VPS by typing vzyum 50 install <package> at the prompt where <package> represents the name of the software package you wish to install.
 
−
21. Finally, you should turn off unnecessary services.
 
−
a. Enter the VPS by typing vzctl enter 50.
 
−
b. View the services that are set to run at startup by typing chkconfig --list | grep 5:on.
 
−
c. Disable any unwanted service by typing chkconfig --levels 2345 <service> off where <service> represents the service to disable.
 
−
Services that you can (and should) turn off without harm are acpid, apmd, kudzu, and microcode_ctl.
 
−
22. Exit the VPS by typing exit at the prompt.
 
−
23. Stop the VPS by typing vzctl stop 50.
 
−
24. Finally, package up the new template by typing tar –czvf /vz/template/cache/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>.tar.gz .
 
−
25. The template is ready for use.
 

Latest revision as of 04:54, 7 August 2011

Yellowpin.svg Note: this article is not formatted according to this Wiki standards. Please help reformatting it in a better way.
  1. Install a system (virtual or physical) with the default CentOS installation that you wish to package. This could be a minimal distro or the default distro or even something custom.
    1. It's generally quicker to bootstrap a CentOS system on another yum/rpm-based, or Debian based system by following the instructions in [1]
  2. Once the OS has been installed, you need to tar the contents of the OS.
    1. First, create a file called /tmp/exclude and add the following lines to it:
    .bash_history
    lost+found
    /dev/*
    /mnt/*
    /tmp/*
    /proc/*
    /sys/*
    /usr/src/*
    1. Now, tar the OS file up by typing: tar --numeric-owner -czvf /tmp/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz -X /tmp/exclude / where <ARCH> represents the system architecture (i386 or
    x86_64) and <DISTRO> represents the distribution (default, minimal, etc.).
    1. Now transfer the file over to the OpenVZ server into /vz/template/cache folder.
  3. On the OpenVZ server create a “dummy” container by creating a folder called /vz/private/50
    and copying the /etc/vz/conf/ve-vps.basic.conf-sample to /etc/vz/conf/50.conf.
    NOTE: 50 is the CTID for the container. You can choose any unused CTID on the OpenVZ server.
  4. Now create a new folder called /vz/template/centos/5/<ARCH>/config again where
    <ARCH> represents the system architecture.
  5. Create a file in the folder called rpm and add the following line:
    43
  6. Create a file called yum.conf in the folder and add the following lines:
    [main]
    cachedir=/vz/template/centos/5/<ARCH>/yum-cache/
    reposdir=/dev/null
    installonlypkgs=
    [centos5-base]
    name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Base
    baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/<ARCH>/
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=1
    [centos5-updates-released]
    name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Released Updates
    baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/updates/<ARCH>/
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=1
  7. Copy /etc/vz/dists/centos-4.conf to /etc/vz/dists/centos-5.conf.
  8. Copy /vz/template/centos/4/i386/config/minimal.list to /vz/template/centos/5/i386/config/minimal.list.
  9. Change to the /vz/private/50 folder and then run the command gunzip –dc /vz/template/cache/centos-5-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz | tar –xvf – to unpack the base image to the folder.
  10. Make sure you are in the /vz/private/50 folder.
  11. Edit etc/shadow and remove the replace the root password with !! instead of the hashed value.
  12. Edit the etc/inittab file and comment out the lines that respawn /sbin/mingetty on tty1 through tty6. Just put a # at the beginning of the line.
  13. Remove the etc/mtab file and then create a symbolic link by typing ln -s /proc/mounts etc/mtab.
  14. Remove all of the lines from etc/fstab except for the line that mounts /dev/pts.
  15. Edit etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit and comment out the line that starts /sbin/start_udev by placing a # at the beginning of the line.
  16. Now create device nodes by typing:
    mknod dev/ptmx c 5 2
    mkdir dev/pts
    /sbin/MAKEDEV –d/vz/private/50/dev ttyp ptyp
    mknod dev/null c 1 3
    mknod -m 644 dev/random c 1 8
    mknod dev/urandom c 1 9
  17. Create the var/lock/rpm folder.
  18. If you wish to disable IPv6, do the following:
    1. Edit etc/sysconfig/network and set NETWORKING_IPV6 to no.
    2. Add the following lines to etc/modprobe.d/blacklist:
    blacklist ipv6
    blacklist net-pf-10
  19. Disable any physical NICs by modifying the etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethX files (where X is the interface number starting from 0) and setting ONBOOT to no.
  20. Check etc/sysconfig/init to see if PROMPT=yes, and then change to no. Otherwise when startup init script rc will enter interactive mode and wait there forever
  1. Now you’re ready to start the template. Type vzctl start 50 and wait for it to start.
  2. You can install additional packages into the container by typing vzyum 50 install <package> at the prompt where <package> represents the name of the software package you wish to install.
  3. Finally, you should turn off unnecessary services.
    1. Enter the container by typing vzctl enter 50.
    2. View the services that are set to run at startup by typing chkconfig --list | grep 5:on.
    3. Disable any unwanted service by typing chkconfig --levels 2345 <service> off where <service> represents the service to disable.
    Services that you can (and should) turn off without harm are acpid, apmd, kudzu, and microcode_ctl.
  4. Exit the container by typing exit at the prompt.
  5. Stop the container by typing vzctl stop 50.
  6. Make sure you are in the /vz/private/50 folder.
  7. Finally, package up the new template by typing tar –czvf /vz/template/cache/centos-5-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>.tar.gz ./.
  8. The template is ready for use.
Retrieved from "https://wiki.openvz.org/index.php?title=Creating_a_CentOS_5.0_Template&oldid=10756"