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| | "curx" aka Thorsten Schifferdecker | | "curx" aka Thorsten Schifferdecker |
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| − | --//--
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| − | OpenVZ consists of a kernel, user-level tools, and VE templates.
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| − | This guide tells how to install the kernel and the tools on [http://www.debian.org Debian] and related Distribution like [http://www.ubuntu.com/ Ubuntu].
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| − | == Requirements ==
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| − | === Filesystems ===
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| − | It is recommended to use a separate partition for VEs private directories (by default /var/lib/vz/private/<veid>). The reason why you should do so is that if you wish to use OpenVZ per-VE disk quota, you won't be able to use usual Linux disk quotas on the same partition. Bear in mind, that per-VE quota in this context includes not only pure per-VE quota, but also usual Linux disk quota used in VE, not on [[HN]].
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| − | At least try to avoid using root partition for VEs, because the root user of VE will be able to overcome 5% disk space barrier in some situations. This way HN root partition can be completely filled and it will break the system.
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| − | OpenVZ per-VE disk quota is supported only for ext2/ext3 filesystems. So use one of these filesystems (ext3 is recommended) if you need per-VE disk quota.
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| − | === Repository setup ===
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| − | At the moment two different repositories are online at http://download.openvz.org :
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| − | Ola Lundqvist <opal@debian.org> --> apt-uri [http://download.openvz.org/debian http://download.openvz.org/debian]
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| − | Thorsten Schiffedecker <tsd@debian.systs.org> --> apt-uri [http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs] (Mirror of OpenVZ Repository from http://debian.systs.org)
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| − | {{Note|The next steps used the Repository http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs}}
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| − | {{Note|per default on ubuntu system, root task are done with [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo sudo]}}
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| − | This can be achieved by the following commands, as root or as privileged "sudo" user
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| − | <pre>
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| − | # [sudo] echo "deb http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs etch openvz" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
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| − | # wget http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs/dso_archiv_signing_key.asc
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| − | # [sudo] apt-key add dso_archiv_signing_key.asc
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| − | # [sudo] apt-get update
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| − | </pre>
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| − | == Kernel installation ==
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| − | {{Note|In case you want to recompile the OpenVZ kernel yourself on Debian, see [[kernel build debian]].}}
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| − | First, you need to choose what “flavor” of the kernel you want to install.
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| − | <pre>
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| − | # apt-get install <flavour>
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| − | </pre>
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| − | === Configuring the bootloader ===
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| − | In case GRUB is used as the boot loader, it will be configured automatically: lines similar to these will be added to the <tt>/boot/grub/menu.lst</tt> file:
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| − | <pre>
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| − | [...]
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| − | title Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.6.18-ovz-028stab051.1-686
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| − | root (hd0,1)
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| − | kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-ovz-028stab051.1-686 root=/dev/sda5 ro vga=791
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| − | initrd /initrd.img-2.6.18-ovz-028stab051.1-686
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| − | savedefault
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| − | [...]
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| − | </pre>
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| − | {{Note|per default on debian/ubuntu, a 2.6.22 kernel will boot before a 2.6.18, please check manually the grub boot order. See man update-grub for more details}}
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| − |
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| − | === Rebooting into OpenVZ kernel ===
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| − | {{Warning|Before you restart your Server, keep in mind, that your system has all needed modules enabled; booting from your harddisk (e.g. hardware modules, raid system(s), lvm2 etc). May you need a INITRD (initramdisk) or compile needed kernel modules statically in.}}
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| − | Now reboot the machine and choose the OpenVZ Linux Kernel on the boot loader menu. If the OpenVZ kernel has been booted successfully, proceed to installing the user-level tools for OpenVZ.
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| − | == Installing the user-level tools ==
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| − | OpenVZ needs some user-level tools installed. Those are:
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| − | ; vzctl
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| − | : A utility to control OpenVZ VPSs (create, destroy, start, stop, set parameters etc.)
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| − | ; vzquota
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| − | : A utility to manage quotas for VPSs. Mostly used indirectly (by vzctl).
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| − | <pre>
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| − | # [sudo] apt-get install vzctl vzquota
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| − | </pre>
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| − | == Configuring ==
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| − | === sysctl ===
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| − | There are a number of kernel parameters that should be set for OpenVZ to work correctly. These parameters are stored in <tt>/etc/sysctl.conf</tt> file. Here is the relevant part of the file; please edit it accordingly.
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| − | {{Note|vzctl version from debian-systs, automate changing sysctl options for openvz}}
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| − | <pre>
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| − | [...]
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| − | # On Hardware Node we generally need
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| − | # packet forwarding enabled and proxy arp disabled
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| − | net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1
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| − | net.ipv4.conf.default.proxy_arp = 0
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| − | # Enables source route verification
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| − | net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
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| − | # Enables the magic-sysrq key
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| − | kernel.sysrq = 1
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| − | # TCP Explict Congestion Notification
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| − | #net.ipv4.tcp_ecn = 0
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| − | # we do not want all our interfaces to send redirects
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| − | net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 1
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| − | net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
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| − | [...]
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| − | </pre>
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| − | {{Note|You can make a symlink from /var/lib/vz to /vz as backward compability to Main OpenVZ
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| − | (Debian vz root directory is installed FHS-like to /var/lib/vz}}
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| − | # [sudo] ln -s /var/lib/vz /vz
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| − | === VE OS Templates ===
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| − | To install a VE, you need VE OS Template(s), precreated can be found at [http://download.openvz.org/contrib/template/precreated/ here] or create it : [http://wiki.openvz.org/Debian_template_creation Debian] , [http://wiki.openvz.org/Ubuntu_Gutsy_template_creation ubuntu] and all about [http://wiki.openvz.org/Category:Templates Templates]
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| − | {{Note|Setup your prefered standard OS Template : edit the /etc/vz/vz.conf}}
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| − | {{Note|Debian Packages of a precreate Debian 4.0 can be fetch from Repository at http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs }}
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| − | # [sudo] apt-get install vzctl-ostmpl-debian
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| − | == Additial user tools ==
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| − | ; vzprocps
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| − | : A set of utilities to provide system information (vzps and vztop)
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| − | ; [http://wiki.openvz.org/Backup_of_a_running_VE_with_vzdump vzdump]
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| − | : A utility to backup and restore VE.
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| − | {{Note|Debian Packages can be fetch from Repository at http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs }}
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| − | # [sudo] apt-get install vzprocps vzdump
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| − | [[Category: HOWTO]]
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| − | [[Category: Installation]]
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