Bonding
Linux allows binding multiple network interfaces into a single channel/NIC.
Introduction
The Linux bonding driver provides a method for aggregating multiple network interfaces into a single logical "bonded" interface. The behavior of the bonded interfaces depends upon the mode; generally speaking, modes provide either hot standby or load balancing services. Additionally, link integrity monitoring may be performed.
Setting up bounding is with RHEL/CentOs v4.4
- Step #1: Create a bond0 configuration file
Red Hat Linux stores network configuration in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ directory. First, you need to create bond0 config file:
- vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
Append following lines to it:
- Static IP
DEVICE=bond0 IPADDR=x.x.x.x NETWORK=y.y.y.y NETMASK=z.z.z.z BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes
x.x.x.x is an IP address of HW.
y.y.y.y is an Network address of HW.
z.z.z.z is an net mask address of HW (usually 255.255.255.0).
Replace above IP data with your actual IP address. Save file and exit to shell prompt.
- DHCP
DEVICE=bond0 BOOTPROTO=dhcp ONBOOT=yes
- Step #2: Modify eth0 and eth1 config files:
Open both configuration using vi text editor and make sure file read as follows for eth0 interface
- vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes BOOTPROTO=none
Open eth1 configuration file using vi text editor:
- vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
Make sure file read as follows for eth1 interface:
DEVICE=eth1 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes BOOTPROTO=none
Save file and exit to shell prompt.
- Step # 3: Load bond driver/module
Make sure bonding module is loaded when the channel-bonding interface (bond0) is brought up. You need to modify kernel modules configuration file:
- vi /etc/modprobe.conf
alias bond0 bonding options bond0 mode=balance-alb miimon=100
You can learn more about all bounding options in kernel source documentation file "Documentation/networking/bonding.txt"
- Step # 4: Test configuration
First, load the bonding module:
# modprobe bonding
Restart networking service in order to up bond0 interface:
# service network restart
Check proc info:
- cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v2.6.3 (June 8, 2005) Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin) MII Status: up MII Polling Interval (ms): 0 Up Delay (ms): 0 Down Delay (ms): 0 Slave Interface: eth0 MII Status: up Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:07:d4:c3 Slave Interface: eth1 MII Status: up Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:07:d4:cd
List all interfaces:
#ip a
2: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 brd 127.255.255.255 scope host lo
4: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
link/ether 00:0c:29:73:26:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.17.3.25/16 brd 10.17.255.255 scope global bond0
6: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:73:26:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:73:26:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
1: venet0: <BROADCAST,POINTOPOINT,NOARP,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
link/void
Route:
# ip r 10.17.0.0/16 dev bond0 proto kernel scope link src 10.17.3.25 169.254.0.0/16 dev bond0 scope link default via 10.17.0.1 dev bond0
Traffic shaping
- Virtuozzo traffic shaping tools
Just replace old netdev to new bonding device (bond0)
vi /etc/sysconfig/vz
## Network traffic parameters TRAFFIC_SHAPING=yes BANDWIDTH="bond0:102400" TOTALRATE="bond0:1:4096" RATE="bond0:1:8"
and do the rest as usuall
# vzctl set $veid --ratebound $bound --rate $rif:$class:$rate --save
- Traffic shaping with tc
Where is no specific here, see:Traffic_shaping_with_tc
As a result in:
# ip a s bond0
4: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc cbq
##NOTE:Class Based Queueing tc was added ^^^^^^^^^^
link/ether 00:0c:29:07:d4:c3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.17.3.41/16 brd 10.17.255.255 scope global bond0
