4
edits
Changes
no edit summary
== Download stage3 ==
We will make the template from a stage3 file. An OpenVZ OS template should be an archive (.tar.gz) of the root of a working system, but without the kernel and some files. You can download stage3 from the nearest mirror here: from http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xmlor directly from http://distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/x86/current-stage3/
---- == Or try to Download 64 bit stage3 == If you experience with 32bit containers you can also try to create Gentoo template with 64bits binary support. Try to download '''64bit''' stage3. For 64bit Gentoo template creation, search for nearest mirrors http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml or directly from: http://distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/amd64/autobuilds/current-stage3/ with 32bit binary '''multilib''' support, or http://distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/amd64/autobuilds/current-stage3/hardened/ (stage3-amd64-hardened+nomultilib-20xxxxxx.tar.bz2) try the hardend profile without multilib support (only 64bit binary support for gentoo template containers!!) Don't forget that hostnode must support 64bit binary too, with or without 32bit multilib support!! Hostnodes that supports multilib can start 64bits containers with 32bits containers but with a '''''slight''''' performance degradation. Don't forget to look for:<pre>ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="amd64" in /etc/make.conf</pre> there you can accept 64bit binary packages support for your containers.<pre>cat /proc/cpuinfo</pre> for 64 bits Intel\AMD CPU instructions set support. '''WARNING''': There is no warrantied that template should work, you can bugtack the errors. But I haven't confronted with problem. == Create directory directories for the new container and unarchive stage3 ==
<pre>
mkdir /vz/root/1001mkdir /vz/private/7771001tar -xjf xvjpf /root/stage3-i686-2008.0_beta220111213.tar.bz2 -C /vz/private/7771001
</pre>
== Create CT config ==
Now you need to create the configuration file for the container, 7771001.conf:
<pre>
vzctl set 777 1001 --applyconfig vps.basic --save
</pre>
<pre>
</pre>
== Edit CT Config ==
First, you need to let vzctl know that this CT is using Gentoo:
echo 'OSTEMPLATE="gentoo"' >> /etc/vz/conf/1001.conf
Creation of container at end of this HowTo obeys quota limits and might exceed
those limits set in <code>vps.basic</code> by default (at least encountered with Gentoo
10.1 release). Thus it might be required to increase limits now. The following
values are providing 2 GB soft limit with 2.5 GB hard limit:
DISKSPACE="2.4G:2.5G"
If you use independed Gentoo portage tree for each container, is considered correct in the use of gentoo containers, don't forget to raise inodes number
DISKINODES="400000:420000"
You should also increase the ram to a minimum of 512 MB. Otherwise, you will get errors during compilation. Since vzctl 3.0.30 you can do:
vzctl set 1001 --ram 512M --swap 1G --save
Prior to vzctl 3.0.30 you have to do, which gives you 512 MB guaranteed and 1024 MB burstable:
vzctl set 1001 --vmguarpages 512M --save
vzctl set 1001 --oomguarpages 512M --save
vzctl set 1001 --privvmpages 512M:1024M --save
vzctl set 1001 --swappages 0:1024M --save
Independed Gentoo portage tree for each container would be good idea, because newer portage can delete older ebuilds already installed in container with other dependences.
Otherwise you can't reinstall already installed packages if you bind the newer version of portage in gentoo containers.
After that you copy that configuration file turning it into a sample configuration for later use:
# cp /etc/vz/conf/1001.conf /etc/vz/conf/ve-gentoo.conf-sample
== Make /etc/mtab a symlink to /proc/mounts ==
The container's root filesystem is mounted by the host system, not the guest — and therefore root fs will not appear in <code>/etc/mtab</code>. It will lead to a non-working <code>df</code> command. To fix, link /etc/mtab to /proc/mounts.
<pre>
rm -f /var/lib/vz/private/7771001/etc/mtabln -s /proc/mounts /var/lib/vz/private/7771001/etc/mtab
</pre>
After replacing <code>/etc/mtab</code> with a symlink to <code>/proc/mounts</code>, you will always have up-to-date information of what is mounted in <code>/etc/mtab</code>.You will, however, have an error on boot (in <code>/var/log/init.log</code>) that can be safely ignored: <code>* /etc/mtab is not updateable [ !! ]</code>
== Replace /etc/fstab ==
<pre>
echo "proc /proc proc defaults 0 0" > /var/lib/vz/private/7771001/etc/fstab
</pre>
We need only <code>/proc</code> to be mounted at boot time.
== Edit /etc/inittab and /etc/init.d/halt.sh ==
Edit <code>/var/lib/vz/private/7771001/etc/inittab</code> and put a hash mark (#) at the beginning of the lines containing:
<pre>c?# TERMINALSc1:123512345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty? tty1 linuxc2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty2 linuxc3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty3 linuxc4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty4 linuxc5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty5 linuxc6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty6 linux</pre> Just like that:<pre># TERMINALS#c1:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty1 linux#c2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty2 linux#c3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty3 linux#c4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty4 linux#c5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty5 linux#c6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty6 linux</pre> Edit <code>/vz/private/1001/etc/init.d/halt.sh</code> and put a hash mark (#) at the beginning of the lines containing: <pre>sulogin -t 10 /dev/console</pre> File <code>/vz/private/1001/etc/init.d/halt.sh</code> is deleted in Gentoo 11.2 and doesn't need to edit.
This prevents <code>getty</code> and login from starting on ttys that do not exist in containers.
== Edit /etc/shadow ==
Edit <code>/var/lib/vz/private/7771001/etc/shadow</code> and change root's password in the first line to an exclamation mark (!):
<pre>root:!:10071:0:::::</pre>
The checkroot and consolefont init scripts should not be started inside containers:
(NOT! for Gentoo 11.2)
<pre>
rm /vz/private/1001/etc/runlevels/boot/checkroot
rm /vz/private/1001/etc/runlevels/boot/consolefont
</pre>
Gentoo 11.2 release have an option in '''rc.conf'''
just uncoment rc_sys and type "openvz" and it disables init scripts
<pre>
</pre>
== Edit /sbin/rc ==
Edit <code>/var/lib/vz/private/7771001/sbin/rc</code> and put a hash mark (#) at the beginning of line 244 (your line number may be different):
<pre># try mount -n ${mntcmd:--t sysfs sysfs /sys -o noexec,nosuid,nodev}</pre>
This prevents the container from attempting to mount <code>/sys</code>.
To ensure that this change isn't automatically overwritten on update, add the following to <code>/var/lib/vz/private/7771001/etc/make.conf</code>:
<pre>CONFIG_PROTECT = "/sbin/rc"</pre> '''Gentoo 11.2''' <code>/vz/private/1001/sbin/rc</code> is '''binary''', i just skipped this post
== Set up udev ==
For example sshd will fail to start since /dev/random and /dev/urandom are missing.
So it's recommended to disable udev.
Edit <code>/varvz/private/1001/etc/conf.d/librc</code> or <code>/vz/private/7771001/etc/conf.d/rcudev</code> if you using Gentoo 11.2 or future and change the <code>RC_DEVICES</code> line to:
<pre>
RC_DEVICES="static"
</pre>
'''Baselayout 2 and OpenRC:''' <code>/vz/private/1001/etc/conf.d/rc</code> is obsolete (http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/openrc-migration.xml#doc_chap2_sect2) and <code>/vz/private/1001/etc/rc.conf</code> should be used instead. But, RC_DEVICES is missing in <code>/vz/private/1001/etc/rc.conf</code>?!?
If you want to enable udev read on.
<pre>
cd /var/lib/vz/private/7771001/lib
mknod udev/devices/ttyp0 c 3 0
mknod udev/devices/ptyp0 c 2 0
</pre>
Edit <code>/varvz/private/1001/etc/conf.d/librc</code> or <code>/vz/private/7771001/etc/conf.d/rcudev</code> if you using Gentoo 11.2 or future and change the <code>RC_DEVICES</code> and <code>RC_DEVICE_TARBALL</code> lines to:
<pre>
You have to leave the directory you are in for the next step to be OK, otherwise you will get this error message:
vzquota : (error) Quota on syscall for 7771001: Device or resource busy
vzquota on failed [3]
<pre>
cd /
</pre>
== Edit /etc/pam.d/chpasswd ==
Some changes are required for successful setting user's password with <code>vzctl</code> util.
Edit <code>/vz/private/1001/etc/pam.d/chpasswd</code> and change the <code>password</code> lines to:
<pre>
password required pam_unix.so md5 shadow
</pre>
<pre>
vzctl start 7771001vzctl enter 7771001
</pre>
</pre>
All services in boot and default runlevels must be started. If everything all right, stop the container Enable SSH daemon if required:
<pre>
rc-update add sshd default</pre> {{Warning|'''Do not start sshd''' in template container as it would create server's pair of keys then shared among all containers instantiated later.}} Next leave container pressing Ctrl+D and stop it: <pre>vzctl stop 7771001
</pre>
<pre>
mkdir /var/lib/vz/root/7771001/usr/portagemount -o bind /usr/portage /var/lib/vz/root/7771001/usr/portage
</pre>
<pre>
mount -n -o bind /usr/portage/distfiles /var/lib/vz/root/7771001/usr/portage/distfiles
</pre>
For security reasons, you should have these directories mounted only while installing software into a container.
{{Note|you have to <code>umount /var/lib/vz/root/7771001/usr/portage/distfiles</code> before trying to stop your container.}} == Dedicated installation of portage == If you decide not to share portage with host as described before, you'll still need a portage installed into your container. Get latest snapshot of portage tree from your favourite mirror (http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml) and extract it into <code>/vz/private/1001/usr</code>: <pre># wget http://distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/snapshots/current/portage-latest.tar.bz2# tar xjf portage-latest.tar.bz2 -C /vz/private/1001/usr</pre> == Host system portage tree and distfiles in read-only mode == You can safely share portage tree from the host system among all Gentoo VPSs by mounting it in read-only mode and defining dedicated <code>distfiles</code> directory. All files in regular <code>distfiles</code> directory will be also available to guest containers. Create <code>/etc/vz/conf/vps.mount</code> to mount RO portage to all Gentoo guests or <code>/etc/vz/conf/<vps id>.mount</code> to mount portage tree only to particular container: <pre>#!/bin/bashsource /etc/vz/vz.confsource ${VE_CONFFILE}if [ -d /vz/root/$VEID/usr/portage ]; then mount -n --bind -o ro /vz/portage /vz/root/$VEID/usr/portagefi</pre> Make it executable: <pre>chmod u+x /etc/vz/conf/vps.mount</pre> Add the following strings to the <code>/vz/private/1001/etc/make.conf</code>: <pre>PORTAGE_RO_DISTDIRS="/usr/portage/distfiles"DISTDIR="/usr/portage_distfiles"</pre> You should update host-node portage tree on regular basis to keep it up to date because <code>emerge --sync</code> won't work inside guest container.
== Create the template cache file ==
<pre>
cd /var/lib/vz/private/7771001/tar --numeric-owner -czf /var/lib/vz/template/cache/gentoo.tar.gz *
</pre>
<pre>
vzctl create 800 --ostemplate config gentoo --ipadd 192.168.0.10 --hostname testvps
</pre>
</pre>
If it started, and you can ssh in, enter it using <pre>vzctl enter 800</pre> congratulations, you've got a working Gentoo template! == Log in over SSH == Leave container by hitting Ctrl+D. To log in over SSH now, you need to set root's password in running container first: <pre>vzctl set 800 --userpasswd root:secret</pre> Of course, you should use different password (replacing <code>secret</code> above) obeying common rules for strong passwords. After that container is ready for login over SSH <pre>ssh root@192.168.0.10</pre>
[[Category: HOWTO]]
[[Category: Templates]]
[[Category: Gentoo]]