Difference between revisions of "Installation on Debian 7"

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(See also: Installation on Debian/old was orphan)
 
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#REDIRECT [[Installation on Debian]]
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This document briefly describes the steps needed to install OpenVZ on your Debian 7 "Wheezy" machine. For RHEL/Centos 6 based systems, please see [[Quick installation]].
 +
 
 +
{{Out|A commercial version of OpenVZ is available, which simplifies installation with a single disk as well as supports networked installation using PXE boot. To learn more about Parallels Cloud Server and request a free trial, please see http://www.parallels.com/products/pcs/}}
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 +
== Requirements ==
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This guide assumes you are running '''Debian 7 "Wheezy" ''' for '''AMD64''' or '''i686'''.
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=== /vz file system ===
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It is recommended to use a separate partition for containers (by default '''/var/lib/vz''') and format it to '''ext4'''.
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=== apt pre-setup ===
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{{Note|For more info about Debian repositories, see http://download.openvz.org/debian.}}
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Run the following:
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<pre><nowiki>cat << EOF > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/openvz-rhel6.list
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deb http://download.openvz.org/debian wheezy main
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# deb http://download.openvz.org/debian wheezy-test main
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EOF</nowiki></pre>
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{{Note|The second line with wheezy-test is commented out. This is a testing repo with newer kernels and possibly tools. Enable it if you want to stay on a bleeding edge of technology.}}
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Import GPG key used for signing repository:
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<pre><nowiki>wget ftp://ftp.openvz.org/debian/archive.key
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apt-key add archive.key</nowiki></pre>
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Update the local cache:
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apt-get update
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== Kernel installation ==
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Limited OpenVZ functionality is supported when you run a recent 3.x kernel (check [[vzctl for upstream kernel]]), so OpenVZ kernel installation is optional but still highly recommended.
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# apt-get install linux-image-openvz-amd64
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Or, if you still have i686:
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# apt-get install linux-image-openvz-686
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== System configuration ==
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<!-- this is not yet in vzctl.deb
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{{Note|With vzctl 4.6 or newer there is no need to do manual configuration. Skip to [[#Tools_installation]].}}
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-->
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Please make sure the following steps are performed before rebooting into OpenVZ kernel.
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=== sysctl ===
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There are a number of kernel parameters that should be set for OpenVZ to work correctly. These parameters are stored in <tt>/etc/sysctl.conf</tt> file. Here are the relevant portions of the file; please edit accordingly.
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<pre>
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# On Hardware Node we generally need
 +
# packet forwarding enabled and proxy arp disabled
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net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
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net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding = 1
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net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1
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net.ipv4.conf.default.proxy_arp = 0
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# Enables source route verification
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net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
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# Enables the magic-sysrq key
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kernel.sysrq = 1
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# We do not want all our interfaces to send redirects
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net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 1
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net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
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</pre>
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== Tools installation ==
 +
 
 +
{{Out|Before installing tools, please read about [[vzstats]] and opt-out if you don't want to help the project.}}
 +
 
 +
OpenVZ needs some user-level tools installed:
 +
 
 +
# apt-get install vzctl vzquota ploop vzstats
 +
 
 +
== Reboot into OpenVZ kernel ==
 +
 
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Now reboot the machine and choose an entry with word "openvz" in the boot loader menu (it should be default choice).
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 +
== Download OS templates ==
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 +
{{Note|this step is optional, vzctl is able to download templates on demand.}}
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An OS template is a Linux distribution installed into a container
 +
and then packed into a gzipped tarball. Using such a cache, a new container
 +
can be created in a minute.
 +
 
 +
Download precreated template caches from [http://openvz.org/download/template/cache Downloads » Templates » Precreated], or directly from [http://download.openvz.org/template/precreated/ download.openvz.org/template/precreated], or from one of the [[Download mirrors|mirrors]]. Put those tarballs '''as-is (no unpacking needed)''' to the <tt>/vz/template/cache/</tt> directory.
 +
 
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== Next steps ==
 +
 
 +
OpenVZ is now set up on your machine. Follow on to [[basic operations in OpenVZ environment]] document.
 +
 
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== See also ==
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* [[Installation on Debian 8]] or Devuan 1.0 (Jessie)
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* [[Installation on Debian/old]] for older, unsupported versions of Debian.
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[[Category: Installation]]
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[[Category: HOWTO]]
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[[Category: Debian]]

Latest revision as of 09:13, 16 July 2017

This document briefly describes the steps needed to install OpenVZ on your Debian 7 "Wheezy" machine. For RHEL/Centos 6 based systems, please see Quick installation.

A commercial version of OpenVZ is available, which simplifies installation with a single disk as well as supports networked installation using PXE boot. To learn more about Parallels Cloud Server and request a free trial, please see http://www.parallels.com/products/pcs/

Requirements[edit]

This guide assumes you are running Debian 7 "Wheezy" for AMD64 or i686.

/vz file system[edit]

It is recommended to use a separate partition for containers (by default /var/lib/vz) and format it to ext4.

apt pre-setup[edit]

Yellowpin.svg Note: For more info about Debian repositories, see http://download.openvz.org/debian.

Run the following:

cat << EOF > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/openvz-rhel6.list
deb http://download.openvz.org/debian wheezy main
# deb http://download.openvz.org/debian wheezy-test main
EOF
Yellowpin.svg Note: The second line with wheezy-test is commented out. This is a testing repo with newer kernels and possibly tools. Enable it if you want to stay on a bleeding edge of technology.

Import GPG key used for signing repository:

wget ftp://ftp.openvz.org/debian/archive.key
apt-key add archive.key

Update the local cache:

apt-get update

Kernel installation[edit]

Limited OpenVZ functionality is supported when you run a recent 3.x kernel (check vzctl for upstream kernel), so OpenVZ kernel installation is optional but still highly recommended.

# apt-get install linux-image-openvz-amd64

Or, if you still have i686:

# apt-get install linux-image-openvz-686

System configuration[edit]

Please make sure the following steps are performed before rebooting into OpenVZ kernel.

sysctl[edit]

There are a number of kernel parameters that should be set for OpenVZ to work correctly. These parameters are stored in /etc/sysctl.conf file. Here are the relevant portions of the file; please edit accordingly.

# On Hardware Node we generally need
# packet forwarding enabled and proxy arp disabled
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding = 1
net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.proxy_arp = 0

# Enables source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1

# Enables the magic-sysrq key
kernel.sysrq = 1

# We do not want all our interfaces to send redirects
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0

Tools installation[edit]

Before installing tools, please read about vzstats and opt-out if you don't want to help the project.

OpenVZ needs some user-level tools installed:

# apt-get install vzctl vzquota ploop vzstats

Reboot into OpenVZ kernel[edit]

Now reboot the machine and choose an entry with word "openvz" in the boot loader menu (it should be default choice).

Download OS templates[edit]

Yellowpin.svg Note: this step is optional, vzctl is able to download templates on demand.

An OS template is a Linux distribution installed into a container and then packed into a gzipped tarball. Using such a cache, a new container can be created in a minute.

Download precreated template caches from Downloads » Templates » Precreated, or directly from download.openvz.org/template/precreated, or from one of the mirrors. Put those tarballs as-is (no unpacking needed) to the /vz/template/cache/ directory.

Next steps[edit]

OpenVZ is now set up on your machine. Follow on to basic operations in OpenVZ environment document.

See also[edit]