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New page: Creating a CentOS 5.0 Template for OpenVZ 1. Install a system (virtual or physical) with the default CentOS installation that you wish to package. This could be a minimal distro or the d...
Creating a CentOS 5.0 Template for OpenVZ
1. Install a system (virtual or physical) with the default CentOS installation that you wish to package. This could be a minimal distro or the default distro or even something custom.
2. Once the OS has been installed, you need to tar the contents of the OS.
a. First, create a file called /tmp/exclude and add the following lines to it:
.bash_history
lost+found
/dev/*
/mnt/*
/tmp/*
/proc/*
/sys/*
/usr/src/*
b. Now, tar the OS file up by typing:
tar –czvf /tmp/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz / –X /tmp/exclude
where <ARCH> represents the system architecture (i386 or x86_64) and <DISTRO> represents the distribution (default, minimal, etc.).
c. Now transfer the file over to the OpenVZ server into /vz/template/cache folder.
3. On the OpenVZ server create a “dummy” VPS by creating a folder called /vz/private/50 and copying the /etc/vz/conf/ve-vps.basic.conf-sample to /etc/vz/conf/50.conf.
NOTE:
50 is the VEID for the VPS. You can choose any unused VEID on the OpenVZ server.
4. Now create a new folder called /vz/template/centos/5.0/<ARCH>/config again where <ARCH> represents the system architecture.
5. Create a file in the folder called rpm and add the following line:
43
6. Create a file called yum.conf in the folder and add the following lines:
[main]
cachedir=/vz/template/centos/5.0/<ARCH>/yum-cache/
reposdir=/dev/null
installonlypkgs=''
[centos5-base]
name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Base
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/<ARCH>/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
[centos5-updates-released]
name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Released Updates
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/updates/<ARCH>/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
7. Copy /etc/vz/dists/centos-4.conf to /etc/vz/dists/centos-5.0.conf.
8. Change to the /vz/private/50 folder and then run the command gunzip –dc /vz/template/cache/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz | tar –xvf – to unpack the base image to the folder.
9. Make sure you are in the /vz/private/50 folder.
10. Edit etc/shadow and remove the replace the root password with !! instead of the hashed value.
11. Edit the etc/inittab file and comment out the lines that respawn /sbin/mingetty on tty1 through tty6. Just put a # at the beginning of the line.
12. Remove the etc/mtab file and then create a symbolic link by typing ln –s /proc/mounts etc/mtab.
13. Remove all of the lines from etc/fstab except for the line that mounts /dev/pts.
14. Edit etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit and comment out the line that starts /sbin/start_udev by placing a # at the beginning of the line.
15. Now create device nodes by typing:
mknod dev/ptmx c 5 2
mkdir dev/pts
/sbin/MAKEDEV –d /vz/private/50/dev ttyp ptyp
mknod dev/null c 1 3
mknod dev/urandom c 1 9
16. Create the var/lock/rpm folder.
17. If you wish to disable IPv6, do the following:
a. Edit etc/sysconfig/network and set NETWORKING_IPV6 to no.
b. Add the following lines to etc/modprobe.d/blacklist:
blacklist ipv6
blacklist net-pf-10
18. Disable any physical NICs by modifying the etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethX files (where X is the interface number starting from 0) and setting ONBOOT to no.
19. Now you’re ready to start the template. Type vzctl start 50 and wait for it to start.
20. You can install additional packages into the VPS by typing vzyum 50 install <package> at the prompt where <package> represents the name of the software package you wish to install.
21. Finally, you should turn off unnecessary services.
a. Enter the VPS by typing vzctl enter 50.
b. View the services that are set to run at startup by typing chkconfig --list | grep 5:on.
c. Disable any unwanted service by typing chkconfig --levels 2345 <service> off where <service> represents the service to disable.
Services that you can (and should) turn off without harm are acpid, apmd, kudzu, and microcode_ctl.
22. Exit the VPS by typing exit at the prompt.
23. Stop the VPS by typing vzctl stop 50.
24. Finally, package up the new template by typing tar –czvf /vz/template/cache/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>.tar.gz .
25. The template is ready for use.
1. Install a system (virtual or physical) with the default CentOS installation that you wish to package. This could be a minimal distro or the default distro or even something custom.
2. Once the OS has been installed, you need to tar the contents of the OS.
a. First, create a file called /tmp/exclude and add the following lines to it:
.bash_history
lost+found
/dev/*
/mnt/*
/tmp/*
/proc/*
/sys/*
/usr/src/*
b. Now, tar the OS file up by typing:
tar –czvf /tmp/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz / –X /tmp/exclude
where <ARCH> represents the system architecture (i386 or x86_64) and <DISTRO> represents the distribution (default, minimal, etc.).
c. Now transfer the file over to the OpenVZ server into /vz/template/cache folder.
3. On the OpenVZ server create a “dummy” VPS by creating a folder called /vz/private/50 and copying the /etc/vz/conf/ve-vps.basic.conf-sample to /etc/vz/conf/50.conf.
NOTE:
50 is the VEID for the VPS. You can choose any unused VEID on the OpenVZ server.
4. Now create a new folder called /vz/template/centos/5.0/<ARCH>/config again where <ARCH> represents the system architecture.
5. Create a file in the folder called rpm and add the following line:
43
6. Create a file called yum.conf in the folder and add the following lines:
[main]
cachedir=/vz/template/centos/5.0/<ARCH>/yum-cache/
reposdir=/dev/null
installonlypkgs=''
[centos5-base]
name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Base
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/<ARCH>/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
[centos5-updates-released]
name=CentOS 5 - <ARCH> - Released Updates
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/updates/<ARCH>/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
7. Copy /etc/vz/dists/centos-4.conf to /etc/vz/dists/centos-5.0.conf.
8. Change to the /vz/private/50 folder and then run the command gunzip –dc /vz/template/cache/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>-image.tar.gz | tar –xvf – to unpack the base image to the folder.
9. Make sure you are in the /vz/private/50 folder.
10. Edit etc/shadow and remove the replace the root password with !! instead of the hashed value.
11. Edit the etc/inittab file and comment out the lines that respawn /sbin/mingetty on tty1 through tty6. Just put a # at the beginning of the line.
12. Remove the etc/mtab file and then create a symbolic link by typing ln –s /proc/mounts etc/mtab.
13. Remove all of the lines from etc/fstab except for the line that mounts /dev/pts.
14. Edit etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit and comment out the line that starts /sbin/start_udev by placing a # at the beginning of the line.
15. Now create device nodes by typing:
mknod dev/ptmx c 5 2
mkdir dev/pts
/sbin/MAKEDEV –d /vz/private/50/dev ttyp ptyp
mknod dev/null c 1 3
mknod dev/urandom c 1 9
16. Create the var/lock/rpm folder.
17. If you wish to disable IPv6, do the following:
a. Edit etc/sysconfig/network and set NETWORKING_IPV6 to no.
b. Add the following lines to etc/modprobe.d/blacklist:
blacklist ipv6
blacklist net-pf-10
18. Disable any physical NICs by modifying the etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethX files (where X is the interface number starting from 0) and setting ONBOOT to no.
19. Now you’re ready to start the template. Type vzctl start 50 and wait for it to start.
20. You can install additional packages into the VPS by typing vzyum 50 install <package> at the prompt where <package> represents the name of the software package you wish to install.
21. Finally, you should turn off unnecessary services.
a. Enter the VPS by typing vzctl enter 50.
b. View the services that are set to run at startup by typing chkconfig --list | grep 5:on.
c. Disable any unwanted service by typing chkconfig --levels 2345 <service> off where <service> represents the service to disable.
Services that you can (and should) turn off without harm are acpid, apmd, kudzu, and microcode_ctl.
22. Exit the VPS by typing exit at the prompt.
23. Stop the VPS by typing vzctl stop 50.
24. Finally, package up the new template by typing tar –czvf /vz/template/cache/centos-5.0-<ARCH>-<DISTRO>.tar.gz .
25. The template is ready for use.
