This guide tells how to install the kernel and the tools on [http://www.debian.org Debian] Etch or Lenny/Squeeze.  For Squeeze, use the Lenny directions. For Wheezy (7.0), use the vzctl package included in wheezy, together with the Wheezy OpenVZ kernels from [http://download.openvz.org/debian/ http://download.openvz.org/debian/]. Alternatively reduced functionality may be possible using the stock Debian Wheezy kernel (based on kernel.org version 3.2) and [[Vzctl_for_upstream_kernel]]. You may also wish to check the information on [http://wiki.debian.org/OpenVz the Debian wiki]. For Etch users, this document explains how to partially upgrade to Debian Lenny and install from lenny repositories ('''use this options at your risk'''). == Requirements == === Filesystems ===It's recommended that you use a separate partition for container privatedirectories (by default <code>/var/lib/vz/private/<CTID></code>). The reason for this is that if you wish to use the OpenVZ per-container disk quota, you won't be able to use usual Linux disk quotas on the same partition. Bear in mind that "per-container quota" in this context includes not only pure per-container quota but also the usual Linux disk quota used in container, not on the [[HN]]. At the very least try to avoid using the root partition for containers, because the root user of a container will be able to overcome the 5% disk space barrier in some situations. If the HN root partition is completely filled, it will break the system. OpenVZ per-container disk quota is supported only for ext2/ext3 filesystems; therefore it makes sense to use one of these filesystems (ext3 is recommended) if you need per-container disk quota. === Repository setup (Etch only) === '''If you are using Debian Lenny, this step in no longer required. Openvz kernel packages and tools are available on main repository.''' ==== 1. Using openvz.org repositories ==== At the moment two different repositories are online at http://download.openvz.org: ; by Ola Lundqvist <opal@debian.org>: (OpenVZ kernels only): apt-uri http://download.openvz.org/debian ; by Thorsten Schifferdecker <tsd@debian.systs.org>: apt-uri http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs: (Mirror of OpenVZ Repository from http://debian.systs.org/) {{Note|The next steps use the repository at http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs; the actual OpenVZ Tools for Debian exist only as unstable builds, see http://packages.debian.org/vzctl}} {{Note|By default, on Ubuntu systems root tasks are executed with [https://help.ubuntu. com/community/RootSudo sudo]}}

For Etch usersThis can be done via the following commands, this document explain how to partialy as root or as privileged "sudo" user<pre># echo -e "\ndeb http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs etch openvz" >> /etc/apt/sources.list# wget -q http://download.openvz.org/debian-systs/dso_archiv_signing_key.asc -O- | apt-key add - && apt-get update</pre> ==== 2. Using Debian repositories (upgrade to Debian Lenny and install from lenny repositories () ==== There is even a '''lenny''' repository with kernel 2.6.28. '''use this options Use it at your own risk!''' Add lenny repositories to your '''/etc/apt/sources.list'''<pre>deb http://DEBIAN-MIRROR/debian/ testing maindeb http://DEBIAN-MIRROR/debian-security/ testing/updates main</pre> Enlarge apt-cache adding to '''/etc/apt/apt.conf''')this line:<pre>APT::Cache-Limit "100000000";</pre> Give etch package priority over lenny packages. Edit '''/etc/apt/preferences''' and set like this:<pre>Package: *Pin: release a=etchPin-Priority: 700 Package: *Pin: release a=lennyPin-Priority: 650</pre> Then '''apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade''' to upgrade to lenny.

=== Wheezy and Lenny === {{Note|The best kernel to use is [[Download/kernel/rhel6|RHEL6-based]]. Please see [[Install_kernel_from_RPM_on_Debian_6.0]]}} === Etch === ==== 1. Using openvz kernel repositories ==== {{Note|In case you want to recompile the OpenVZ kernel yourself on Debian, see [[Compiling the OpenVZ kernel (the Debian way)]].}} First, you need to choose what kernel you want to install. {| class="wikitable"|+'''OpenVZ Kernel list built with kernel config from http://download.openvz.org'''! Kernel !! Description !! Hardware !! Debian Architecture|-! ovzkernel-2.6.18| uniprocessor| up to 4GB of RAM| i386 and amd64|-! ovzkernel-2.6.18-smp| symmetric multiprocessor| up to 4 GB of RAM| i386 and amd64|-! ovzkernel-2.6.18-enterprise| SMP + PAE support + 4/4GB split| up to 64 GB of RAM| i386 only|} {| class="wikitable"|+'''OpenVZ Kernel list built with official Debian kernel config and OpenVZ Settings'''! Kernel !! Description !! Hardware !! Debian Architecture|-! fzakernel-2.6.18-686| uni- and multiprocessor| up to 4GB of RAM| i386|-! fzakernel-2.6.18-686-bigmem| symmetric multiprocessor| up to 64 GB of RAM| i386|-! fzakernel-2.6.18-amd64| uni- and multiprocessor| | amd64|-|}

aptitude # apt-get install linux-image-openvz-686<kernel>

=== Etch ==Configuring the bootloader ===== In case GRUB is used as the boot loader, it will be configured automatically, or execute update-grub; lines similar to these will be added to the <tt>/boot/grub/menu.lst</tt> file: <pre>[...] title Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.6.18-ovz-028stab051.1-686 root (hd0,1) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-ovz-028stab051.1-686 root=/dev/sda5 ro vga=791 initrd /initrd.img-2.6.18-ovz-028stab051.1-686 savedefault[...]</pre> {{Note|per default on debian/ubuntu, a 2.6.22 kernel will boot before a 2.6.18, please check manually the grub boot order. See man update-grub for more details}} ===== Installing the user-level tools ===== OpenVZ needs some user-level tools installed. Those are: ; vzctl: A utility to control OpenVZ containers (create, destroy, start, stop, set parameters etc.); vzquota: A utility to manage quotas for containers. Mostly used indirectly (by vzctl). <pre> # [sudo] apt-get install vzctl vzquota</pre>

apt-get install iproute libatm1 linux-image-2.6.26-1-openvz-686 linux-image-openvz-686 rsync vzctl vzquotalibcgroup-dev

and will arrange grub bootloader propertlyproperly. === Rebooting into OpenVZ kernel === {{Warning|Before you restart your Server, verify that your system has all needed modules enabled in order to boot your harddisk (e.g. hardware modules, raid system(s), lvm2 etc). You may need an INITRD (initramdisk) or to compile needed kernel modules statically.}} Now reboot the machine and choose the OpenVZ Linux Kernel on the boot loader menu. If the OpenVZ kernel has been booted successfully, proceed to installing the user-level tools for OpenVZ.

{{Note|vzctl version from debian-systs, automate changing automatically inserts these options at the last of <tt>/etc/sysctl options .conf</tt>, except for openvznet.ipv4.ip_forward}}

net.ipv4.conf.default.proxy_arp = 0

net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1

kernel.sysrq = 1

#net.ipv4.tcp_ecn = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 1net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0

# [sudo] ln -s /var/lib/vz /vz

Precreated templates can be found [http://wiki.openvz.org/Download/template/precreated here] and [http://download.openvz.org/contrib/template/precreated/ here].

# [sudo] apt-get install vzctl-ostmpl-debian-5.0-i386-minimal

IPTABLES="ip_tables ipt_REJECT ipt_tos ipt_limit ipt_multiport iptable_filter iptable_mangle ipt_TCPMSS ipt_tcpmss ipt_ttl ipt_length ip_conntrack ip_conntrack_ftp ip_conntrack_irc ipt_LOG ipt_conntrack ipt_helper ipt_state iptable_nat ip_nat_ftp ip_nat_irc ipt_TOS"